Cytotoxicity of thermo-responsive polymeric nanoparticles based on N-isopropylacrylamide for potential application as a bioscaffold

Deptuła, Tobiasz; Warowicka, Alicja; Woźniak, Anna; Grzeszkowiak, Mikołaj; Jarzębski, Maciej; Bednarowicz, Magdalena; Patkowski, A.; Słomski, Ryszard

doi:10.18388/abp.2015_1007

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The relative growth rate (RGR) of L929 cells was calculated according to the formula shown below, and the cytotoxicity of the leaching solutions was evaluated by the average RGR according to the grading criteria listed in Table 1 . [ 4 ]…”

Section: Ethodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosafety of the Novel Vancomycin-loaded Bone-like Hydroxyapatite/Poly-amino Acid Bony Scaffold

Cao

Jiang

Yan

et al. 2016

Chinese Medical Journal

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Background:Recently, local sustained-release antibiotics systems have been developed because they can increase local foci of concentrated antibiotics without increasing the plasma concentration, and thereby effectively decrease any systemic toxicity and side effects. A vancomycin-loaded bone-like hydroxyapatite/poly-amino acid (V-BHA/PAA) bony scaffold was successfully fabricated with vancomycin-loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid microspheres and BHA/PAA, which was demonstrated to exhibit both porosity and perfect biodegradability. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the biosafety of this novel scaffold by conducting toxicity tests in vitro and in vivo.Methods:According to the ISO rules for medical implant biosafety, for in vitro tests, the scaffold was incubated with L929 fibroblasts or rabbit noncoagulant blood, with simultaneous creation of positive control and negative control groups. The growth condition of L929 cells and hemolytic ratio were respectively evaluated after various incubation periods. For in vivo tests, a chronic osteomyelitis model involving the right proximal tibia of New Zealand white rabbits was established. After bacterial identification, the drug-loaded scaffold, drug-unloaded BHA/PAA, and poly (methyl methacrylate) were implanted, and a blank control group was also set up. Subsequently, the in vivo blood drug concentrations were measured, and the kidney and liver functions were evaluated.Results:In the in vitro tests, the cytotoxicity grades of V-BHA/PAA and BHA/PAA-based on the relative growth rate were all below 1. The hemolysis ratios of V-BHA/PAA and BHA/PAA were 2.27% and 1.42%, respectively, both below 5%. In the in vivo tests, the blood concentration of vancomycin after implantation of V-BHA/PAA was measured at far below its toxic concentration (60 mg/L), and the function and histomorphology of the liver and kidney were all normal.Conclusion:According to ISO standards, the V-BHA/PAA scaffold is considered to have sufficient safety for clinical utilization.

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Section: Ethodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosafety of the Novel Vancomycin-loaded Bone-like Hydroxyapatite/Poly-amino Acid Bony Scaffold

Cao

Jiang

Yan

et al. 2016

Chinese Medical Journal

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“…can be manipulated through control of polymer concentration, copolymers and surfactants. Through adjusting the LCST to that of a clinically relevant temperature, PNIPAM has been extensively investigated in a wide range of biomedical applications including cancer therapy, wound healing, bioscaffolding and cell cultivation [28], [29], [30], [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally triggered release of the bacteriophage endolysin CHAPK and the bacteriocin lysostaphin for the control of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Hathaway

Ajuebor

Stephens

et al. 2017

Journal of Controlled Release

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Staphylococcus aureus infections of the skin and soft tissue pose a major concern to public health, largely owing to the steadily increasing prevalence of drug resistant isolates. As an alternative mode of treatment both bacteriophage endolysins and bacteriocins have been shown to possess antimicrobial efficacy against multiple species of bacteria including otherwise drug resistant strains. Despite this, the administration and exposure of such antimicrobials should be restricted until required in order to discourage the continued evolution of bacterial resistance, whilst maintaining the activity and stability of such proteinaceous structures. Utilising the increase in skin temperature during infection, the truncated bacteriophage endolysin CHAPK and the staphylococcal bacteriocin lysostaphin have been co-administered in a thermally triggered manner from Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) nanoparticles. The thermoresponsive nature of the PNIPAM polymer has been employed in order to achieve the controlled expulsion of a synergistic enzybiotic cocktail consisting of CHAPK and lysostaphin. The point at which this occurs is modifiable, in this case corresponding to the threshold temperature associated with an infected wound. Consequently, bacterial lysis was observed at 37 °C, whilst growth was maintained at the uninfected skin temperature of 32 °C.

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“…Further, after preparation process nanoparticles were washed and centrifuged thrice at 12750g for 40 minutes and were lyophilized for further in vitro assessment. The stock nanoparticles (1mg/ml) were further dispersed in Milli Q water 13 .…”

Section: Quick Response Codementioning

confidence: 99%

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2017

IJPSR

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The aim of the present studies is to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of newly formulated polymeric nanoparticles (ETP NP's) of Escitalopram oxalate (ETP) on NB41A3 cell lines. They were made by ionic gelation method with particle size range between 60-115nm, showing spherical morphology. Moreover, zeta potential of the same was recorded as-1.89 ± 0.052 mV and its permeability release showed 98.45 ± 1.82 % in 24 hour. The cytotoxicity evaluation of the optimized formulation (A3) included qualitative method of cell morphology (microscopic and DAPI staining evaluation) and quantitative colorimetric assays like-neutral red (NRU), MTT and LDH. The results suggested that, in presence of ETP, there was a remarkable decrease in cell count whereas; ETP NP's showed lesser cytotoxicity. performed. Further, in NRU membrane integrity was assessed and it showed 95.2 ± 0.83 % and 72.2 ± 0.56% of cell viability in ETP NP's and ETP pure respectively. However, MTT assay summed up the cell viability up to 93.6 ± 0.68 % in ETP NP's in comparison to 88.2 ± 0.35 % of ETP pure and LDH assay results for both , ETP NP's (5.105 unit/ml) and ETP pure (5.779 units/ml) suggested that the cell viability is more dose and incubation time dependent. These results confirms the efficacy and non toxicity of formulated ETP NP's and thus, it can be further applied to in vivo model to study its various pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters to establish its therapeutic potentials completely.

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Cytotoxicity of thermo-responsive polymeric nanoparticles based on N-isopropylacrylamide for potential application as a bioscaffold

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Biosafety of the Novel Vancomycin-loaded Bone-like Hydroxyapatite/Poly-amino Acid Bony Scaffold

Biosafety of the Novel Vancomycin-loaded Bone-like Hydroxyapatite/Poly-amino Acid Bony Scaffold

Thermally triggered release of the bacteriophage endolysin CHAPK and the bacteriocin lysostaphin for the control of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

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