Cytotoxicity of fluorographene

Teo, Wei Zhe; Sofer, Zdeněk; Šembera, Filip; Janoušek, Zbyněk; Pumera, Martin

doi:10.1039/c5ra22663e

Cited by 18 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…al. have reported the cytotoxicity of fluorinated graphene (FG) [76]. Three types of graphene derivatives with varying amount of fluorine content were prepared (1.5%, 42.6%, and 50.7%).…”

Section: In Vitro Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicology of graphene-based nanomaterials

Lalwani

D’Agati

Khan

et al. 2016

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

248

151

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Graphene based nanomaterials possess remarkable physiochemical properties suitable for diverse applications in electronics, telecommunications, energy and healthcare. The human and environmental exposure to graphene-based nanomaterials is increasing due to advancements in the synthesis, characterization and large-scale production of graphene and the subsequent development of graphene based biomedical and consumer products. A large number of in vitro and in vivo toxicological studies have evaluated the interactions of graphene-based nanomaterials with various living systems such as microbes, mammalian cells, and animal models. A significant number of studies have examined the short- and long-term in vivo toxicity and biodistribution of graphene synthesized by variety of methods and starting materials. A key focus of these examinations is to properly associate the biological responses with chemical and morphological properties of graphene. Several studies also report the environmental and genotoxicity response of pristine and functionalized graphene. This review summarizes these in vitro and in vivo studies and critically examines the methodologies used to perform these evaluations. Our overarching goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of the complex interplay of biological responses of graphene as a function of their physio-chemical properties.

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“…al. have reported the cytotoxicity of fluorinated graphene (FG) [76]. Three types of graphene derivatives with varying amount of fluorine content were prepared (1.5%, 42.6%, and 50.7%).…”

Section: In Vitro Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicology of graphene-based nanomaterials

Lalwani

D’Agati

Khan

et al. 2016

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

248

151

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Besides hMSCs, the concentration‐dependent nanotoxicity of graphene, rGO, and GO was also evident in their interactions with numerous other cells, such as human erythrocytes and skin fibroblasts as well as U87 and U118 glioblastoma cells . Fluorinated graphene has also been reported to induce a concentration‐dependent toxicological effects towards A549 cells after a 24 h exposure, owing to the presence of fluorine atoms, particularly the monofluoro‐substituted groups . Separately, in its interaction with neural phaeochromocytoma‐derived PC12 and A549 cells, graphene induced remarkable cytotoxicity at a high concentration of 100 μg mL −1 .…”

Section: Physicochemical Factors Influencing Biocompatibility and Namentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocompatibility and Nanotoxicity of Layered Two‐Dimensional Nanomaterials

2016

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Layered two‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), layered metal oxides (LMOs), black phosphorus (BP), and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), have attracted tremendous interest recently owing to their unique structural morphologies and outstanding physicochemical properties. Consequently, these nanomaterials have been actively explored for different biological and biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, bioimaging, and biosensing. As increasing efforts have been focused on identifying the potential bioapplications of layered 2D nanomaterials, one of the fundamental aspects that is of considerable interest and ought to be studied in greater depth is their biocompatibility and nanotoxicity. In addition, as the elucidation and understanding of the physicochemical properties of this new class of nanomaterials are still in their infancy, information on both in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and nanotoxicity is still scarce and remains poorly understood. As such, there is an immediate need to explore and establish the biocompatibility and nanotoxicological profiles of these nanomaterials in order to develop and optimize them for specific bioapplications. Here, in this Focus Review, we will provide a broad overview of recent advances on the biocompatibility and nanotoxicity of layered 2D nanomaterials. First, a wide range of established and emerging layered 2D nanomaterials actively investigated for bioapplications will be introduced. Next, the different physicochemical aspects governing the biocompatibility and nanotoxicity of these nanomaterials, such as lateral size, concentration, exposure time, number of layers, and chemical composition and surface functionalization, will be evaluated. Finally, we will summarize the review and provide our perspectives on the challenges and opportunities facing this important field.

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“…[ 94 ] Halogenated graphene (GOCl, Br, I, F) demonstrated a dose‐dependent cytotoxicity to A549 cells over the concentration range of 0–200 µg mL −1 , with cytotoxicity increasing with increasing halogen functionalization [ 95 ] or higher mono‐fluoro substituted carbon atoms. [ 96 ] Hydrogenated graphene (HHG) showed higher toxicity than GO when exposed to A548 cells at concentrations from 0–400 µg mL −1 , which was attributed to the limited nutrient availability due to the preferential adsorption of essential micronutrients onto the hydrophobic surfaces of HHG compared to the hydrophilic surfaces of GO sheets. [ 97 ] Graphene oxide has shown potential to enhance neuron cell growth, the effect of which can be manipulated by tuning their surface charge with varying functional groups.…”

Section: Toxicity Of Functionalized Gbmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Functionalization of Graphene‐Based Materials: Biological Behavior, Toxicology, and Safe‐By‐Design Aspects

et al. 2021

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drug delivery, bioimaging probes, antibacterial agents, and tissue engineering. [2] The advantage of GBMs over other nanomaterials (NMs) in biomedical application is their high specific surface area which allows high density functionalization and drug loading on both sides of the planar structure. [3] The π-conjugated system offers high capacity for GBMs to interact with various organic compounds with aromatic structures through π-π stacking during fabrication of graphene composites or for immobilization of biomolecules such as nucleic acids, peptides, antibodies, or other therapeutic substances. [4] The same properties may also raise concerns regarding the potential risk that GBMs may cause to human health through binding of key signaling molecules for example. GBMs may interact with biomolecules, changing the structure of protein or DNA or induce oxidative damage, and so on. [5] Therefore, prior to the widespread use of GBMs, it is imperative to evaluate their potential risk to environmental and human health and to establish a proactive approach for the safe design of these materials.In a recent review article, Fadeel et al. comprehensively examined the literature on the effects of GBMs on human health and the environment and gave an overview of the state-of-the-art of safety assessment of GBMs, highlighting the importance of The increasing exploitation of graphene-based materials (GBMs) is driven by their unique properties and structures, which ignite the imagination of scientists and engineers. At the same time, the very properties that make them so useful for applications lead to growing concerns regarding their potential impacts on human health and the environment. Since GBMs are inert to reaction, various attempts of surface functionalization are made to make them reactive. Herein, surface functionalization of GBMs, including those intentionally designed for specific applications, as well as those unintentionally acquired (e.g., protein corona formation) from the environment and biota, are reviewed through the lenses of nanotoxicity and design of safe materials (safe-by-design). Uptake and toxicity of functionalized GBMs and the underlying mechanisms are discussed and linked with the surface functionalization. Computational tools that can predict the interaction of GBMs behavior with their toxicity are discussed. A concise framing of current knowledge and key features of GBMs to be controlled for safe and sustainable applications are provided for the community.

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Cytotoxicity of fluorographene

Abstract: Fluorinated graphenes (F-G) might inevitably be released into the environment through disposal and wearing of future commercial products incorporated with F-G. Therefore, we determined their cytotoxicity in this study.

Cited by 18 publications

References 45 publications

Toxicology of graphene-based nanomaterials

Toxicology of graphene-based nanomaterials

Biocompatibility and Nanotoxicity of Layered Two‐Dimensional Nanomaterials

Surface Functionalization of Graphene‐Based Materials: Biological Behavior, Toxicology, and Safe‐By‐Design Aspects

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