Cytotoxicity of contemporary resin‐based dental materials in contact with dentin

Abstract

In this study, the cytotoxicity of different combinations of contemporary resin‐based restoratives (adhesives, composites, luting agents) against human keratinocytes (HaCaT) was evaluated under two conditions, whether materials were applied to dentin or not. Adhesives (3‐step etch‐and‐rinse/3ER: OptiBond FL; 2‐step self‐etch/2SE Clearfil SE Bond; Single Bond Universal/UNI), composites (conventional composite resin/CCR: Filtek Z350XT; flowable/FCR: Filtek Z350XT Flow; self‐adhesive composite resin/SACR: Dyad Flow), and luting agents (conventional luting agent/CLA: Variolink‐II; self‐adhesive luting agent/SLA: RelyXU200) were combined according to their clinical use. Eluates from polymerized specimens applied to dentin were placed in contact with cells grown for 1 and 7 d. The controls were defined by cells without material contact. Cell viability was determined using MTT [3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide)] assay. C=C conversion was investigated using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. After 1 d of incubation, when dentin was not present, 2SE yielded the highest cell viability, whereas 3ER, UNI, and SACR showed higher cell viability in the presence of dentin. After 7 d, when dentin was absent, 2SE and CLA achieved significantly higher cell viability. The presence of dentin resulted in a drastically higher cell viability for all materials, except 2SE and CLA. UNI had the lowest C=C conversion. The presence of dentin was a significant factor, which resulted in higher cell viability than what was seen for the material specimens per se. All materials resulted in a lower viability of HaCaT than what was seen under the no‐material control conditions, with effects mainly limited to the first 24 h.

Desquamated Epithelial Cells of Unstimulated Human Whole Saliva Express Both EGF Transcript and Protein

“…It has recently been reported that HaCaT cells express EGF transcript and protein, and in the present study, we confrm these fndings [15]. HaCaT cells have been widely used to study functional properties of oral keratinocytes in both health and disease, and they are considered representative for human keratinocytes in situ [24][25][26][27]. Here, we demonstrate that EGF gene expression is higher in growthrestricted than in growth-stimulated HaCaT cells, implying that transcriptional activity of the EGF gene negatively correlates with growth stimulation.…”

Nanomaterials in Dentistry: Current Applications and Future Scope

“…The issue of dimensional unfolding persisted in the conventional fixed types of restorative materials. Conventional materials also showed cytotoxic effects by leaching organic monomers into surrounding gum tissues [ 102 ]. Nanocomposites based on nanofiller technology solve these issues [ 103 ].…”

Effect of Rapid High-Intensity Light-Curing on Increasing Transdentinal Temperature and Cell Viability: An In Vitro Study

“…The authors are not aware of any previous studies that have evaluated the cytotoxicity of bulk-fill composite resins designed for 3 s light-curing through the dentin barrier test, with respect to cell viability. The utilization of this method renders laboratory evaluations more relevant, particularly by simulating the clinical conditions to which the materials are exposed in the oral cavity [17]. This allows for the analysis of the chemical toxicity of the pulp tissue through the dentin, reflecting the in vivo conditions with greater precision [45].…”

“…Since bulk-fill composite resins are applied in deep cavities, the heat generated during light-curing is transferred into the cavity, especially with high-intensity protocols [16]. Furthermore, the cellular response of restorative materials recently introduced into the dental market is of clinical importance, as their clinical success depends on their biological compatibility [17].…”