Cytotoxicity of Acrylic Resins, Particulate Filler Composite Resin and Thermoplastic Material in Artificial Saliva with and without Melatonin

Abstract

There is limited information on the effect of melatonin on the cytotoxicity of dental materials. The study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of heat- and auto-polymerized acrylic resin, particulate filler composite resin and a thermoplastic material on L-929 fibroblast cell viability at different incubation periods in artificial saliva without and with melatonin. Disk-shaped specimens were prepared according to each manufacturer’s instructions and divided into two groups to be stored either in artificial saliva (AS) and AS with melatonin (ASM). The measurements were performed using an MTT (3-(4,5)-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide) assay, in which the L-929 mouse fibroblasts cell culture was used. For the MTT test, extracts were examined at 1, 24, 72 h and 1 and 2 weeks. Data were analyzed using 3-way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests. No significant difference was found between groups AS and ASM (F = 0.796; p = 0.373). Incubation period significantly affected all materials tested (p < 0.001). Storing resin-based materials in artificial saliva with melatonin solution for 24 h may reduce cytotoxic effects on the fibroblast cells for which the highest effect was observed. Soaking resin prosthesis or orthodontic appliances in artificial saliva with melatonin at least 24 h before intraoral use or rinsing medium containing melatonin may be recommended for decreasing the cytotoxicity of dental resin materials.

Considerations about Cytotoxicity of Resin-Based Composite Dental Materials: A Systematic Review

“…Cengiz et al recorded a reduction in MTT absorbance in murine fibroblasts exposed to Signum and Adoro composites over 2 weeks, with significant differences for both materials at each incubation time [ 37 ]. Carrillo-Cotto analyzed MTT assay in human spontaneously transformed aneuploid immortal keratinocytes exposed to adhesive systems OptiBond FL, Clearfil SE Bond and Adper Single Bond Universal, conventional composite resin Filtek Z350 XT, flowable composite resin Filtek Flow Z350 XT, self-adhesive composite resin Dyad Flow and luting agents Variolink II and RelyXU200 in combinations simulating their clinical use with or without the presence of dentin [ 38 ].…”

“…Incomplete polymerization plays a major role in RBCs cytotoxicity, allowing for the elution of toxic methacrylate and dimethacrylate monomers: BisGMA, TEGDMA, UDMA, HEMA, BisEMA [ 11 , 15 , 41 ]. Most authors agree that the extent of the toxic effect is dependent on several factors, e.g., the chemical composition of the material, dose, and time of exposure, as well as internal factors, e.g., cell line, cell lining parameters, cellular membrane integrity, cell volume, and cytoplasm volume, the refractive index of the cell, the propensity to cleave DNA, and related nuclear condensation [ 12 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 43 , 45 , 46 ].…”

“…Most studies conclude that RBCs induce cytotoxicity in in vitro cell models and that the impact on cell viability is dose- and time-dependent and changes depending on the chemical composition of the product and is specific for each cell line [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 40 , 49 ].…”

Digital Light Processing 3D Printing for Microfluidic Chips with Enhanced-resolution via Dosing- and Zoning-controlled vat Photopolymerization

“…Since these DLP processing invariably utilizes equal-step printing strategy, overdosing irradiance can hardly be avoided as UV irradiation stemming from the neighboring layers can accumulate due to the transparency of the resin; this normally leads to channel blockage since the penetration of the additional light can induce the polymerization of the resin residing in the channels 31 . In contrast, if insu cient irradiance is applied, incomplete polymerization of the resin can happen, thereby resulting in poor mechanical stability between stacked layers and potential cytotoxicity due to the leakage of photo-initiators and unreacted monomers 32,33 . These di culties in precise control of the UV irradiance accumulated during layer-bylayer resin photopolymerization can signi cantly compromise the printing delity of DLP fabrication, which becomes even more pronounced upon the fabrication of substantially small channels with the dimensions of tens of microns.…”

Different Polymers for the Base of Removable Dentures? Part II: A Narrative Review of the Dynamics of Microbial Plaque Formation on Dentures

“…; Table S2: Cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of PMMA and polyamide. References [ 142 , 197 , 198 , 199 , 200 , 201 , 202 , 203 , 204 , 205 , 206 , 207 , 208 , 209 , 210 , 211 , 212 , 213 ] are cited in the supplementary materials.…”