Cytotoxicity evaluation of synthesized chemicals using suspension-cultured fish cells

Abstract

SUMMARY: A suspension‐cultured fish cell line was applied to develop a rapid and convenient cytotoxicity assay to evaluate toxicity of a large number of chemicals for fish. Suspension‐cultured fish cells, CHSE‐sp cells, and monolayer‐cultured fish cells, CHSE‐214 cells were used. Cytotoxicity of 11 synthesized chemicals chosen from various chemical classes was determined by the neutral red assay. A good correlation was obtained between cytotoxicity values of 11 chemicals to the CHSE‐sp cells and to the CHSE‐214 cells. Also, good correlations were observed between in vitro toxicity data obtained from the assay using two types of cultured fish cells and in vivo toxicity data obtained from a database on fathead minnow and rainbow trout. From these results, the method using suspension‐cultured fish cells used in this study was considered applicable for a screening test method prior to in vivo testing.

Proposal to improve vertebrate cell cultures to establish them as substitutes for the regulatory testing of chemicals and effluents using fish

“…• Data taken from Babich and Borenfreund (1987) • Analyses separate for organotins and phenols • Strong correlations: r = 0.84 and 0.88 respectively Cell line about one (organotins) and two (phenols) order of magnitude less sensitive Chinook salmon embryo cells CHSE-214 Mori and Wakabayashi (2000) • Adherence dependent and suspension cultured CHSE-214…”

Assessment of cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by titanium oxide nanoparticles on Chinook salmon cells

“…Moreover, this in vitro system allows the direct measurement of interaction between the toxins and cell molecules. In this perspective, Chinook salmon (CHSE-214) derived from Oncorhynchus tshawytscha embryos are considered because of their high cell adhesion and growth as monolayer under static condition and are ideal for toxicity testing (Mori and Wakabayashi 2000;Skjelbred et al 2011). For the first time, the cytotoxicity of TiO 2 NPs on Chinook cells was performed in the current study, which to date has been studied only with mammalian cells.…”

Cytotoxicity of surfactants to the FHM-sp cell line

“…In a previous paper, we studied the cytotoxicity of 11 synthesized chemicals to the chinook salmon embryo (CHSE)‐sp cell line in suspension culture and the CHSE‐214 cell line derived from chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in monolayer culture 1 . The cytotoxicity assay could be performed quickly by using the cell line in suspension culture and a high correlation was obtained between cytotoxicity values of the 11 chemicals to these two cell lines 1 . Although there are more than 150 cell lines established from fishes in the world, most of them are cell lines in monolayer culture 2 .…”

“…The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of surfactants using the FHM‐sp cell line, and to test a new assay procedure to conduct the cytotoxicity assay more rapidly than that reported in the previous paper 1 …”