Cytotoxicity as measured by trypan blue as a potentially confounding variable in the in vitro alkaline elution/rat hepatocyte assay

Elia, Michael C.; Storer, Richard D.; Harmon, Lori S.; Kraynak, Andrew R.; McKelvey, Troy W.; Hertzog, Phillip R.; Keenan, Kevin P.; DeLuca, John G.; Nichols, Warren W.

doi:10.1016/0165-1161(93)90159-w

Cited by 38 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Apoptosis and necrosis are mechanisms by which chemicals induce cell death (Bradley et al, 1987;Corcoran & Ray, 1992;Elia et al, 1993). In this process, an important cellular target is DNA (Mugford et al, 1997).…”

Section: Atp-depletionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial furan and its biological effects on the body systems

et al. 2018

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Furan as a product of thermal processing is found in many foods and beverages. In vitro and in vivo genotoxicity was positive for furan, also when metabolic preconditions for the formation of Z‐2‐butene‐1,4dialdehyde (BDA), the reactive compound, was met. However, in major studies, high doses represented the genotoxic effect. Moreover, data on toxicity in different cells and organs are inconsistent. For preparing remarkable risk assessments in human, providing bioassay data is necessary. We aimed to review available evidences about furan and BDA. A vast number of studies have been published on toxicity of furan in vitro and in vivo. Thus, we present a comprehensive review on the current status of furan in inducing toxic effects in different body systems, and possible mechanisms involved in the negative effects of this compound. In this article, furan mitigation procedures in foods have been taken into account. Practical applications From industrial point, furan is repeatedly used as an intermediate chemical in the process of producing some compounds such as resins, lacquers, pesticides and drugs. Furthermore, it is common as a side‐product of high‐energy radiation and thermal processes in food production. The current study focused on the effects of furan on the body organs. Furthermore, furan mitigation procedures in foods have been addressed in the current study. Nearly all previous studies on the industrial furan demonstrated that it has adverse health effects on the organs of the body. In order to prove specific results, further studies regarding furan risk assessment is of great importance.

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Section: Atp-depletionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial furan and its biological effects on the body systems

et al. 2018

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“…Cell viability was examined in each group using trypan blue dye. The percent of cells attached after 24 hrs was determined from counts of the cells removed from the plates by trypsinization as described earlier 25 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localized and triggered release of oxaliplatin for the treatment of colorectal liver metastasis

Gogineni¹,

Maddirela²,

Park³

et al. 2020

J. Cancer

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Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a liposome formulation that deliver oxaliplatin under magnetic field stimulus in high concentration to alleviate the off-target effects in a rat model of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Materials and Methods: Hybrid liposome-magnetic nanoparticles loaded with Cy5.5 dye and oxaliplatin (L-NIR- Fe 3 O 4 /OX) were synthesized by using thermal decomposition method. CRLM (CC-531) cell viability was assessed and rats orthotopically implanted with CC-531 cells were treated with L-NIR-Fe 3 O 4 /OX or by drug alone via different routes, up to 3 cycles of alternating magnetic field (AMF). Optical and MR imaging was performed to assess the targeted delivery. Biodistribution and histology was performed to determine the distribution of oxaliplatin. Results: L-NIR-Fe 3 O 4 /OX presented a significant increase of oxaliplatin release (~18%) and lower cell viability after AMF exposure ( p <0.001). Optical imaging showed a significant release of oxaliplatin among mesenteric vein injected (MV) group of animals. MR imaging on MV injected animals showed R2* changes in the tumor regions at the same regions immediately after infusion compared to the surrounding liver ( p <0.001). Biodistribution analysis showed significantly higher levels of oxaliplatin in liver tissues compared to lungs ( p <0.001) and intestines ( p <0.001) in the MV animals that received AMF after L-NIR- Fe 3 O 4 /OX administration. Large tumor necrotic zones and significant improvement in the survival rates were noted in the MV animals treated with AMF. Conclusion: AMF triggers site selective delivery of oxaliplatin at high concentrations and improves survival outcomes in colorectal liver metastasis tumor bearing rats.

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“…The membrane integrity of the PMNs was examined microscopically using the trypan blue exclusion assay 27 . Acute cytotoxicity was examined by measuring the intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content 28 , 29 using a kit ‡‡ . Briefly, the treated PMNs in 96‐well black plates were lysed by mammalian cell lysis solution followed by the addition of the substrate solutions and subsequent incubation for 5 minutes in the dark.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%