Cytotoxicity and chemical profiling of the Red Sea soft corals<i>Litophyton arboreum</i>

Mahmoud, Amany Hamouda; Zidan, Sabry A. H.; Samy, Mamdouh Nabil; Alian, Abdallah; Abdelmohsen, Usama Ramadan; Fouad, Mostafa A.; Kamel, Mohamed S.; Matsunami, Katsuyoshi

doi:10.1080/14786419.2021.1974437

Cited by 10 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…The values 285.21, 303.21, 225.21, and lastly 199.17 are all consistent with the fragments [M + H-C 5 H 10 O-H 2 O] + , [M + H-C 5 H 10 O] + , [C 17 H 20 + H] + , and [C 15 H 18 + H] + , respectively. These outcomes were supported by the findings reported by [ 73 , 74 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Exploitation of Sugarcane Bagasse and Environmentally Sustainable Production, Purification, Characterization, and Application of Lovastatin by Aspergillus terreus AUMC 15760 under Solid-State Conditions

et al. 2023

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Using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region for identification, three strains of Aspergillus terreus were identified and designated AUMC 15760, AUMC 15762, and AUMC 15763 for the Assiut University Mycological Centre culture collection. The ability of the three strains to manufacture lovastatin in solid-state fermentation (SSF) using wheat bran was assessed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The most potent strain was strain AUMC 15760, which was chosen to ferment nine types of lignocellulosic waste (barley bran, bean hay, date palm leaves, flax seeds, orange peels, rice straw, soy bean, sugarcane bagasse, and wheat bran), with sugarcane bagasse turning out to be the best substrate. After 10 days at pH 6.0 at 25 °C using sodium nitrate as the nitrogen source and a moisture content of 70%, the lovastatin output reached its maximum quantity (18.2 mg/g substrate). The medication was produced in lactone form as a white powder in its purest form using column chromatography. In-depth spectroscopy examination, including 1H, 13C-NMR, HR-ESI-MS, optical density, and LC-MS/MS analysis, as well as a comparison of the physical and spectroscopic data with published data, were used to identify the medication. At an IC50 of 69.536 ± 5.73 µM, the purified lovastatin displayed DPPH activity. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis had MICs of 1.25 mg/mL, whereas Candida albicans and Candida glabrata had MICs of 2.5 mg/mL and 5.0 mg/mL, respectively, against pure lovastatin. As a component of sustainable development, this study offers a green (environmentally friendly) method for using sugarcane bagasse waste to produce valuable chemicals and value-added commodities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Exploitation of Sugarcane Bagasse and Environmentally Sustainable Production, Purification, Characterization, and Application of Lovastatin by Aspergillus terreus AUMC 15760 under Solid-State Conditions

et al. 2023

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“…The chemical and biological characteristics of L. arboreum have only been the subject of several studies [ 9 , 42 , 47 ]. Sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, and polyhydroxylated steroids are just a few of the 250 bioactive secondary metabolites that Litophyton has been found to produce.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, research on marine soft corals will result in the creation of several chemically diverse compounds with a wide range of biological activities that might be applied to the pharmaceutical business [ 7 ]; there are twenty genera in the Nephtheidae family, which is a rich source of metabolites with therapeutic use [ 8 ]. The most well-known metabolites are steroids and terpenes, which are antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer [ 9 ]. The world’s Indo-Pacific and Red Sea regions are home to the genus Litophyton , a well-known member of the Nephtheidae family [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Antioxidant and Antitumor Efficiency of Litophyton sp. Extract in DMH-Induced Colon Cancer in Male Rats

Ashry

Askar

Alian

et al. 2022

Life

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One of the most common tumors to cause death worldwide is colon cancer. This study aims to investigate the antitumor potency of Litophyton sp. methanolic extract (LME) against DMH-induced colon cancer in adult male rats. Group (1) normal rats served as the control, group (2) normal rats were ip-injected with LME at a dose of 100 μg/kg/day, group (3) DMH-induced colon cancer animals, and group (4) colon cancer-modeled animals were treated with LME (100 μg/kg/day) for six weeks. The results revealed that injection of LME markedly regenerated the colon cancer pathophysiological disorders; this was monitored from the significant reduction in the values of serum biomarkers (CEA, CA19.9, AFP), cytokines (TNF-α and IL1β), and biochemical measurements (ALAT, ASAT, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, and triglycerides) matched significant increase of apoptotic biomarkers (CD4+); similarly, colon DNA fragmentation, MDA, and NO levels were down-regulated. In contrast, a remarkable upregulation in colon SOD, GPx, GSH, and CAT levels was noted. Moreover, the colon histopathological architecture showed obvious regenerations. Chromatography of LME resulted in the purification of two polyhydroxylated steroids (1 and 2) with potential cytotoxic activities. LME performed therapeutic potential colon tumorigenesis; therefore, LME may have a promising chemo-preventive feature against colon cancer, probably via enhancement of the apoptosis pathway, improvement of the immune response, reduction of inflammation, or/and restoration of the impaired oxidative stress.

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“…Wu (2013) conducted a study on Echinogorgia flora and found that its sesquiterpene active ingredients showed a weak antiviral activity against influenza virus. Mahmoud et al (2022) showed that the steroids and sesquiterpene of Red Sea soft corals showed evident activity on A549, MCF-7, and HepG2 cell lines. The chemical compounds in Scleractinia ※ ( Zhao et al, 2016 ) exhibit good biological activities, such as cytotoxic, antibacterial, insecticidal, and toxic effects on fish.…”

Section: The Application and Variety Of Coral In Traditional Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

The application and sustainable development of coral in traditional medicine and its chemical composition, pharmacology, toxicology, and clinical research

Han,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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This review discusses the variety, chemical composition, pharmacological effects, toxicology, and clinical research of corals used in traditional medicine in the past two decades. At present, several types of medicinal coral resources are identified, which are used in 56 formulas such as traditional Chinese medicine, Tibetan medicine, Mongolian medicine, and Uyghur medicine. A total of 34 families and 99 genera of corals are involved in medical research, with the Alcyoniidae family and Sarcophyton genus being the main research objects. Based on the structural types of compounds and the families and genera of corals, this review summarizes the compounds primarily reported during the period, including terpenoids, steroids, nitrogen-containing compounds, and other terpenoids dominated by sesquiterpene and diterpenes. The biological activities of coral include cytotoxicity (antitumor and anticancer), anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antiviral, immunosuppressive, antioxidant, and neurological properties, and a detailed summary of the mechanisms underlying these activities or related targets is provided. Coral toxicity mostly occurs in the marine ornamental soft coral Zoanthidae family, with palytoxin as the main toxic compound. In addition, nonpeptide neurotoxins are extracted from aquatic corals. The compatibility of coral-related preparations did not show significant acute toxicity, but if used for a long time, it will still cause toxicity to the liver, kidneys, lungs, and other internal organs in a dose-dependent manner. In clinical applications, individual application of coral is often used as a substitute for orthopedic materials to treat diseases such as bone defects and bone hyperplasia. Second, coral is primarily available in the form of compound preparations, such as Ershiwuwei Shanhu pills and Shanhu Qishiwei pills, which are widely used in the treatment of neurological diseases such as migraine, primary headache, epilepsy, cerebral infarction, hypertension, and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. It is undeniable that the effectiveness of coral research has exacerbated the endangered status of corals. Therefore, there should be no distinction between the advantages and disadvantages of listed endangered species, and it is imperative to completely prohibit their use and provide equal protection to help them recover to their normal numbers. This article can provide some reference for research on coral chemical composition, biological activity, chemical ecology, and the discovery of marine drug lead compounds. At the same time, it calls for people to protect endangered corals from the perspectives of prohibition, substitution, and synthesis.

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Cytotoxicity and chemical profiling of the Red Sea soft coralsLitophyton arboreum

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Exploitation of Sugarcane Bagasse and Environmentally Sustainable Production, Purification, Characterization, and Application of Lovastatin by Aspergillus terreus AUMC 15760 under Solid-State Conditions

Exploitation of Sugarcane Bagasse and Environmentally Sustainable Production, Purification, Characterization, and Application of Lovastatin by Aspergillus terreus AUMC 15760 under Solid-State Conditions

The Antioxidant and Antitumor Efficiency of Litophyton sp. Extract in DMH-Induced Colon Cancer in Male Rats

The application and sustainable development of coral in traditional medicine and its chemical composition, pharmacology, toxicology, and clinical research

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