Cytotoxic Ru^II-p-cymene complexes of an anthraimidazoledione: halide dependent solution stability, reactivity and resistance to hypoxia deactivation

Abstract

Iodo coordinated half-sandwich RuII-anthraimidazoldione shows stability and low cytotoxicity even under hypoxia in metastatic cancer MDA-MB-231 cells (1–2 μM), induces apoptosis without ROS, and prevents migration at IC20 dose.

Tunable Anticancer Activity of Furoylthiourea‐Based RuII–Arene Complexes and Their Mechanism of Action

“…The structures of C1 – C4 and C6 (Ru– p ‐cymene complexes), and C8 and C14 (Ru–benzene complexes) were determined by single‐crystal XRD analysis. The complexes showed a pseudo‐octahedral geometry around the ruthenium ion with a piano stool form (Figure 4 and Tables S3 and S4 in the Supporting Information) [22–24] . On going from C1 (2.405 Å) to C3 (2.4206 Å), there was a noticeable increase in the Ru−S bond length, owing to the distancing of the phenyl group from the thiocarbonyl (C=S) moiety.…”

ATP7B Binds Ruthenium(II) p-Cymene Half-Sandwich Complexes: Role of Steric Hindrance and Ru–I Coordination in Rescuing the Sequestration

“…Ru−I coordination in p-cymene complexes has shown to provide mechanistic diversity. 61 The results obtained by us demonstrate that with a suitable ligand the coordinated iodido may help ruthenium(II) p-cymene complexes escape sequestration by ATP7B.…”

“…Our earlier studies with 7, bearing the Ru−I bond and an anthraquinone-based ligand, also displayed similar resistivity against GSH coordination. 61 Thus, the iodido-bound 3 and 7 showed the highest resistivity toward thiol-based sequestration, followed by 4 (Figure 3). This makes 3 and 7 potential candidates to escape copper homeostasis pathway-mediated sequestration in the cell.…”

“…However, complexes 1 and 5 are not stable in the presence of GSH and dissociate within the 24 h period (Figure 3). Complexes 1, 4, and 7 61 displayed high stability along with a good cytotoxicity profile with more activity toward the liver cancer cells (Table 1). Complexes 1 and 4 are susceptible to sequestration by GSH, complex 3 appeared to be less toxic to the liver carcinoma but showed relatively better dose response in pancreatic carcinoma and triple-negative breast carcinoma.…”

Synthesis, Characterization and Anticancer Studies of Rh(I), Rh(III), Pd(II) and Pt(II) Complexes Bearing A Dithiooxamide Ligand

“…Also, due to the similarity of Pd(II) to Pt(II) analogs in structure and coordination chemistry, promising biological properties as well as chemotherapeutic potential with different mechanism cause that Pd(II) complexes take attention in this field . Furthermore, in the field of non‐platinum compounds exhibiting antitumor properties, arene Ru(II) and Rh(III) complexes with an ancillary chloride ligand are promising, showing activity against cisplatin‐resistant tumors . However, the rhodium‐based anticancer agents are relatively unexplored compared to the ruthenium ones.…”