Cytotoxic fungi—an overview

Karlson-Stiber, Christine; Persson, Hans

doi:10.1016/s0041-0101(03)00238-1

Cited by 243 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Amatoxins and gyromitrin are protoplasmic poisons that produce hepatotoxicity [33]. Gyromitrin was discussed previously.…”

Section: Hepatotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hepatic necrosis, methemoglobinemia, hemolysis and rhabdomyolysis are also reported. Jaundice may be noted [30,33,[42][43][44]. Approximately 10 % of patients poisoned will die [42].…”

Section: Epileptogenic Syndromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Treatment is supportive, including fluid, electrolyte and glucose replacement. Pyridoxine is recommended Benzodiazepines and barbiturates may also be helpful; however, seizures may be resistant to benzodiazepines and barbiturates prior to GABA repletion aided by pyridoxine treatment [33].…”

Section: Epileptogenic Syndromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amatoxins may be detectable in the urine for 4 days [31]. Similarly, some report that plasmapheresis reduces mortality [26,99,118]; others doubt its efficacy [8,32,33]. Liver albumin dialysis [molecular absorbent recirculating system (MARS) or fractionated plasma separation and adsorption with high-flux dialysis (Prometheus)] has been successfully utilized, while awaiting liver transplantation; however, patients may die awaiting organ donation [3,25,31,37,38,83,90,94,[119][120][121].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Renal biopsy reveals evidence of acute tubular necrosis with interstitial nephritis and edema. The glomeruli and renal vessels are typically intact [10,33,129,131]. Progressive fibrosis may ensue [123].…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Mycetism: A Review of the Recent Literature

Graeme

2014

J. Med. Toxicol.

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Approximately 100 of the known species of mushrooms are poisonous to humans. New toxic mushroom species continue to be identified. Some species initially classified as edible are later reclassified as toxic. This results in a continually expanding list of toxic mushrooms. As new toxic species are identified, some classic teachings about mycetism no longer hold true. As more toxic mushrooms are identified and more toxic syndromes are reported, older classification systems fail to effectively accommodate mycetism. This review provides an update of myscetism and classifies mushroom poisonings by the primary organ system affected, permitting expansion, as new, toxic mushroom species are discovered.

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“…Amatoxins and gyromitrin are protoplasmic poisons that produce hepatotoxicity [33]. Gyromitrin was discussed previously.…”

Section: Hepatotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hepatic necrosis, methemoglobinemia, hemolysis and rhabdomyolysis are also reported. Jaundice may be noted [30,33,[42][43][44]. Approximately 10 % of patients poisoned will die [42].…”

Section: Epileptogenic Syndromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epileptogenic Syndromesmentioning

confidence: 99%