Cytotoxic Effect of Dillapiole on Human Breast Cancer McF-7 Cells

Abstract

Plant secondary metabolites and their derivatives play a significant role in anticancer drug therapy since they are effective against specific characteristics while reducing side effects. Dillapiole is a phenylpropanoid that holds several bioactivities like anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-leishmanial, and anti-cancer. This study aims to investigate the possible cytotoxic effect of dillapiole on human breast cancer, MCF-7 cells. Cells were cultured in complete RPMI media and incubated at standard culture conditions. After the cells reached 80% confluency, cells were treated with various concentrations (ranging from 0 µM to 150 µM) of dillapiole and tamoxifen as a positive control. Cells were later incubated at 48 and 72 hours. Using WST-1 assay, the cytotoxic effect was determined for both incubation times. Results show tamoxifen inhibited the MCF-7 cells with the IC50 at 75.9 µM and 39.8 µM for 48 and 72 hours respectively. Parallel with the positive control results, there was a significant cytotoxic effect of dillapiole against MCF-7 cells at 48- and 72-hours incubation with the IC50 at 92.1 µM and 63.1 µM respectively. Based on these results, dillapiole was cytotoxic against MCF-7 cells and its cytotoxic activity was both in a time and dose-dependent manner (<0.05). The morphological analysis supported the WST-1 assay. Our preliminary finding is in agreement with other previous studies, suggesting that dillapiole appears to be a promising anti-cancer agent and opens a wider possibility of downstream analysis on its underlying cytotoxicity mechanism.

Crithmum maritimum L.—Study on the Histochemical Localization of Essential Oil

“…The antifungal activity of dillapiol has also been investigated, and it has been reported that dillapiol is characterized by antifungal properties against pathogenic fungal strains [ 32 ]. Other studies have reported that dillapiol exerts cytotoxic activity against a wide range of tumor cells by stimulating ROS production, leading to cell apoptosis [ 45 , 46 , 47 ]. Scholars have suggested that dillapiol has antiparasitic activity against parasites of the genus Leishmania [ 48 ].…”