Cytotoxic Cembranoids from the Red Sea Soft Coral Sarcophyton glaucum

Abstract

One new cembrane diterpene, 2R,7R,8R-dihydroxydeepoxysarcophine (1), together with three known compounds, 7α,8β-dihydroxydeepoxysarcophine (2), 7β-acetoxy-8α-hydroxydeepoxysarcophine (3), and sarcophine (4), have been isolated from the Red Sea soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum. Their structures were determined using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. 7β-Acetoxy-8α-hydroxydeepoxysarcophine (3) exhibits cytotoxic activity against HepG2, HCT-116, and HeLa cells with IC 50 values of 3.6, 2.3, and 6.7 µg/mL, respectively.

Sarcophyolides B–E, New Cembranoids from the Soft Coral Sarcophyton elegans

“…Based on the spectroscopic analyses and comparison of the NMR data with those reported in literature, 11 known cembranoids were identical to: sarcophytol L [19], 13α-hydroxysarcophytol L [19], sarcophyolide A [20], sarcophine [21], sarcophinone [22,23], 7α-hydroxy-Δ 8( 19) -deepoxysarcophine [24], 4β-hydroxy-Δ 2(3) -sarcophine [24], 7α,8β-dihydroxydeepoxysarcophine [25], 1,15β-epoxy-2- epi -16-deoxysarcophine [3], sarcophytol Q [26], and lobocrasol [27]. Lobocrasol presented as a unique skeleton that was isolated from soft coral for the second time.…”

Sarcoehrenbergilides D–F: cytotoxic cembrene diterpenoids from the soft coral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi

“…1,2 These cembrane diterpenoids exhibit a wide range of structural diversity and biological activity. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Cembranoids, the main metabolites identied in the genus Sarcophyton have been shown to serve as an effective chemical defense against natural predators of coral. 11 The leather coral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi (von Marenzeller, 1886) produces diverse metabolites with distinct chemical structures as well as promising biological activities.…”

Antibacterial activity from soft corals of the Red Sea, Saudi Arabia

“…Terpenoids were the dominant bioactive molecules in various Red Sea soft corals including S. glaucum, Sarcophyton trocheliophorum, S. polydactyla, Sooglossus gardineri, Litophyton arboreum, Lobophyton spp., Xenia spp. and Cladiella pachyclados [36][37][38][39].…”