Cytotoxic and antileishmanial triterpenes of Tabebuia aurea (Silva Manso) leaves

Abstract

The bioactivity-guided fractionation of the total ethanolic extract of the leaves of Tabebuia aurea revealed the cytotoxic and antileishmanial potency of the ethyl acetate fraction, in which its phytochemical investigation resulted in the isolation of five triterpenes; identified as oleanolic acid (1), ursolic acid (2), pomolic acid (3), tormentic acid (4), 3β, 6β, 19α-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (5) in addition to one triterpenoid glucoside, spathodic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6). Whereas compound 1 showed cytotoxic activity against three different cell lines; A549, MCF-7 and HepG2 with IC 50 values of 31.7 ± 1.2, 27.4 ± 1.8 and 28.8 ± 1.1 μg/mL, respectively (etoposide as a positive control: 28.1 ± 4.2, 22.5 ± 4.5, and 20.4 ± 0.8 μg/mL, respectively), while compounds 1 and 2 showed antileishmanial activity with IC 50 values of 10.2 ± 0.9 μg/mL and 5.1 ± 0.4 μg/mL, respectively (miltefosine: 7.7 ± 2.1 μg/mL).

Species of leaf litter are more important than urbanization effects for litter mass loss in semi-arid river

“…al. 2019; Barreto et al 2023).Additionally, the plant litter with the highest mass loss (E. velutina and T. aurea) that demonstrated elevated nitrogen and protein content, low carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio, and reduced levels of carbon, also are species known for having high levels of compounds that easily leach into water, such as terpenes, tannins, and phenols(Santos et al 2013;Mahmoud et al 2022). A mass loss of around 40% for both litter types in 30 days is a relevant result that supports this inference.…”