Cytotoxic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Dihydroisocoumarin and Xanthone Derivatives from Garcinia picrorhiza

Sukandar, Edwin Risky; Kaennakam, Sutin; Raab, P; Nöst, Xuehong; Rassamee, Kitiya; Bauer, Rudolf; Siripong, Pongpun; Ersam, Taslim; Tip‐pyang, Santi; Chavasiri, Warinthorn

doi:10.3390/molecules26216626

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The superscript letters indicate the significant statistical differences ( p < 0.05): a,b,c in the same column, between rows; x,y,z,w in the same row, between columns. Interpretation of IC 50 values is based on [ 16 ]: IC 50 ≤ 10 µM = good cytotoxicity, 10 µM < IC 50 ≤ 30 µM = low cytotoxicity; IC 50 > 30 µM = inactive. Data shown are expressed as mean values ± standard deviations (SD) of three different experiments ( n = 3).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential of Capsicum annuum (L.) Dry Hydro-Ethanolic Extract

Ivan,

Popovici,

Chițescu

et al. 2024

Pharmaceutics

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Capsicum annuum (L.) is one of the essential spices most frequently used in our daily routine and has remarkable ethnobotanical and pharmacological properties. Its fruits are rich in vitamins, minerals, carotenoids, and numerous other phenolic metabolites with a well-known antioxidant activity. Regular consumption of chili fruits may have a positive influence on human health. Therefore, we investigated a commercially available chili fruit powder in the present study, extracting it with 50% ethanol. The dried hydro-ethanolic extract (CAE) was thoroughly analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC–HRMS/MS), and 79 bioactive phenolic constituents were identified. Then, we quantified the main phenolic compounds and found a polyphenol content of 4.725 ± 1.361 mg Eq tannic acid/100 g extract and a flavonoid amount of 1.154 ± 0.044 mg Eq rutin/100 g extract. Phenolic secondary metabolites are known for their dual redox behavior as antioxidants/pro-oxidants, underlying their numerous benefits in health and disease. Thus, the antioxidant potential of CAE was evaluated using three methods; our results could explain the protective effects of chili fruits: IC50DPPH = 1.669 mg/mL, IC50ABTS = 0.200 mg/mL, and EC50FRAP = 0.561 mg/mL. The pro-oxidant potential of phenolic compounds could be a basis for CAE cytotoxicity, investigated in vitro on tumor cell lines and in vivo on Daphnia sp. Results demonstrated the dose- and time-dependent CAE’s cytotoxic activity; the highest antiproliferative activity was recorded on colon (LoVo) and breast (MDA-MB-231) cancer cell lines after 48 h of exposure (IC50 values < 200 µg/mL). In vivo testing on Daphnia sp. reported a potent CAE cytotoxicity after 48 h and embryonic developmental delays. Extensive data analyses support our results, showing a significant correlation between the CAE’s concentration, phenolic compound content, antioxidant activity, exposure time, and the viability rate of different tested cell lines.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential of Capsicum annuum (L.) Dry Hydro-Ethanolic Extract

Ivan,

Popovici,

Chițescu

et al. 2024

Pharmaceutics

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“…There are many reports on numerous pharmacological activities attributed to xanthones of natural origin, including anti-inflammatory [ 96 , 97 ], anti-Leptospira [ 98 ], anti-collagenase, anti-elastase, anti-hyaluronidase, anti-tyrosinase [ 99 ], anticancer [ 100 , 101 ], antidiabetic [ 102 , 103 ], and antifungal [ 104 ] activities, and many xanthones have been described as good bacterial inhibitors [ 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 ].…”

Section: Xanthonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic Compounds in Bacterial Inactivation: A Perspective from Brazil

Kauffmann

Castro

2023

Antibiotics

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Phenolic compounds are natural substances that are produced through the secondary metabolism of plants, fungi, and bacteria, in addition to being produced by chemical synthesis. These compounds have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, among others. In this way, Brazil represents one of the most promising countries regarding phenolic compounds since it has a heterogeneous flora, with the presence of six distinct biomes (Cerrado, Amazon, Atlantic Forest, Caatinga, Pantanal, and Pampa). Recently, several studies have pointed to an era of antimicrobial resistance due to the unrestricted and large-scale use of antibiotics, which led to the emergence of some survival mechanisms of bacteria to these compounds. Therefore, the use of natural substances with antimicrobial action can help combat these resistant pathogens and represent a natural alternative that may be useful in animal nutrition for direct application in food and can be used in human nutrition to promote health. Therefore, this study aimed to (i) evaluate the phenolic compounds with antimicrobial properties isolated from plants present in Brazil, (ii) discuss the compounds across different classes (flavonoids, xanthones, coumarins, phenolic acids, and others), and (iii) address the structure–activity relationship of phenolic compounds that lead to antimicrobial action.

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“…Isocoumarins, as isomers of coumarins, feature an inverted lactone ring, namely 1 H -2-benzo[ c ]pyran-1-one, which is a privileged scaffold offering a prodigious diversity of chemical structures that encompass a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities, such as antitumor, anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic etc. 1–5…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%