Cytotoxic analysis and chemical characterization of fractions of the hydroalcoholic extract of the <i>Euterpe oleracea</i> Mart. seed in the MCF-7 cell line

Freitas, Dayanne da Silva; Morgado‐Díaz, José Andrés; Gehren, Adriana S; Vidal, Flávia Castello Branco; Fernandes, Raquel Maria Trindade; Romão, Wanderson; Tose, Lílian V.; Frazão, Fabiola Nassar Sousa; Costa, Maria Célia Pires; Silva, Dulcelena F; Nascimento, Maria do Desterro Soares Brandão

doi:10.1111/jphp.12679

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…First, it was performed a chemical characterization of the extract and their fractions obtained with chloroform, ethyl acetate, and water to define the catechin-rich one to be used in the biological experiments. The phytochemical analysis showed that in the ethyl acetate fraction, mainly catechins and pelargonidin were identified, which differ from the previous results of our laboratory, in which a predominance of proanthocyanidin A2, trimeric and tetrameric procyanidins was observed [ 30 ]. Other studies also describe the occurrence of catechins and epicatechin in the açaí seed [ 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Effect of Catechin-Rich Açaí Seed Extract on LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells and Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema

Xavier

Teles

Tellis³

et al. 2021

Foods

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Açaí berry is a fruit from the tree commonly known as açaízeiro (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) originated from the Amazonian region and widely consumed in Brazil. There are several reports of the anti-inflammatory activity of its pulp and few data about the seed’s potential in inflammation control. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of catechin-rich açaí extract on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and carrageenan-induced paw edema. The treatment with E. oleracea ethyl acetate extract (EO-ACET) was used in an in vitro model performed with macrophages stimulated by LPS, in which pro-inflammatory markers were evaluated, and in an in vivo model of acute inflammation, in which edema inhibition was evaluated. EO-ACET showed an absence of endotoxins, and did not display cytotoxic effects in RAW 264.7 cells. LPS-stimulated cells treated with EO-ACET displayed low levels of nitrite and interleukins (IL’s), IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-12, when compared to untreated cells. EO-ACET treatment was able to inhibit carrageenan-induced paw edema at 500 and 1000 mg/kg, in which no acute inflammatory reaction or low mast cell counts were observed by histology at the site of inoculation of λ-carrageenan. These findings provide more evidence to support further studies with E. oleracea seeds for the treatment of inflammation.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Effect of Catechin-Rich Açaí Seed Extract on LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells and Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema

Xavier

Teles

Tellis³

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…Previously, our group described the antitumorigenic action of açaí in a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) due to açaí promoting a significant reduction in cell viability, changing cell morphological characteristics and inducing autophagy [ 26 ]. Corroborating this result, Freitas and colleagues [ 37 ] also recently revealed that açaí reduced cell viability of MCF-7 cell. However, these authors showed that the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) is the most cytotoxic part of the hydroalcoholic extract of açaí seed and induced cell necrosis in the MCF-7 cells [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Corroborating this result, Freitas and colleagues [ 37 ] also recently revealed that açaí reduced cell viability of MCF-7 cell. However, these authors showed that the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) is the most cytotoxic part of the hydroalcoholic extract of açaí seed and induced cell necrosis in the MCF-7 cells [ 37 ]. So, to our knowledge, this report is the first study to evaluate the effects of açaí against DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis in a rat model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Euterpe oleracea extract inhibits tumorigenesis effect of the chemical carcinogen DMBA in breast experimental cancer

Alessandra-Perini

Perini

Rodrigues-Baptista

et al. 2018

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundAmong the processes involved in the breast tumor microenvironment, angiogenesis and inflammation play a central role, and the main factors of these processes are the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and macrophages. Recently, the extract of Euterpe oleracea (açaí), a fruit that is widely found in the Amazon region, already showed antitumorigenic effects in vitro in human breast cancer cell lines. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of açaí on breast cancer using a chemically DMBA (7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene) experimental model.MethodsOne day after initiation of treatment with açaí, mammary carcinogenesis was induced in female Wistar rats using a subcutaneous injection of 25 mg/kg of DMBA in the mammary gland. Forty rats were randomized into two groups: treated with 200 mg/kg of either açaí extract or vehicle, via gastric tube for 16 consecutive weeks. After treatment, the tumor was collected for macroscopic, histological and immunohistochemical (VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 -VEGFR-2, COX-2 and matrix metalloproteinase -MMP-9) analyses; peritoneal fluid was subjected to flow cytometry (F4–80/MAC-2+) and ELISA immunoassay (VEGF, prostaglandin E2 -PGE2 and interleukin-10 -IL-10). Heart, liver and kidney samples were collected for histological analysis.ResultsAfter 16 weeks of induction, the mammary carcinoma was confirmed by macroscopic and histological evaluation. Survival analysis indicates that açaí increased the survival (P = .0002, long-rank test) and reduced the deaths number (P = .0036, Chi-square test). Açaí treatment decreased the number of inflammatory cells and macrophage positive cells (Mac-2 + F4–80+), as well as promoting a reduction in immunostaining of VEGF, VEGFR-2 and COX-2. The açaí group also exhibited lower concentrations of PGE2, VEGF and IL-10 compared to the control. The histopathological results of the liver and kidneys showed protective effect of açaí, since in the control group, there was an increase in fibrosis, atypical cells and hemorrhagic microenvironment.ConclusionThe results of this study demonstrated the antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory potential of açaí, like due to the decreases of the number of activated macrophages, resulting in the inhibition of DMBA carcinogenicity in breast cancer.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2183-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…A total of 60 publications were identified in the databases; however, 31 were duplicate articles. Among the 29 articles selected, 20 were excluded based on the titles and abstracts because they did not meet the inclusion criteria: 2 were literature reviews [ 7 , 24 ]; 6 did not study açaí in an animal model of cancer and/or did not perform a toxicological analysis [ 25 – 30 ]; 10 were in vitro studies [ 13 , 20 , 31 – 38 ]; and 2 did not use the order Rodentia [ 21 , 39 ]. After reading the full texts 9 articles were included for their critical evaluations of the safety and effectiveness of açaí in animal experimental models [ 40 – 48 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regard to the ability of açaí to inhibit carcinogenesis, and the incidence and multiplicity of tumors in experimental models of cancer using rodents, in vitro studies also showed that açaí decreased cell viability, suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis, suggesting the anticancer and antioxidant activity of açaí against C-6 rat brain glioma cells [ 49 ], MCF-7 breast cancer cells [ 13 , 38 ] and colon cancer cells [ 34 ]. These results suggest that açaí contains phytochemicals that can be used as natural chemopreventive agents [ 13 , 40 , 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticancer potential, molecular mechanisms and toxicity of Euterpe oleracea extract (açaí): A systematic review

et al. 2018

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Cancer is an increasingly frequent malignancy worldwide, and despite the advances in drug development, it is still necessary to develop new plant-derived medicines. Euterpe oleracea (açaí) is abundant in South and Central America and has health benefits due to its high levels of phytochemicals, including lignans and polyphenols. The aim of this review was to systematically describe the safety and antitumor effects of açaí in preclinical models using rodents to provide a more comprehensive assessment of açaí for both therapeutic uses and the development of future clinical studies in cancer. Eligible studies were identified using four international databases (PubMed, Medline, Lilacs and SciELO) from their inception date through December 2017. The included studies were analyzed with methodological rigor (QATRS) to enable better quality control for these experimental studies. Sixty publications were identified in the databases, but only 9 articles were eligible: 6 evaluated the pharmacological effects of açaí in animal models of cancer (1 model each of esophageal cancer, urothelial cancer, melanoma and Walker-256 tumor and 2 models of colon cancer), and 3 were toxicological assays using preclinical models with rodents. Overall, 747 animals were analyzed. On a QATRS score scale of 0–20, the quality of the studies ranged from 16 to 20 points. Pulp was the main fraction of açaí administered, and an oral administration route was most common. The açaí dosage administered by gavage ranged from 30 mg/kg to 40,000 mg/kg, and açaí fed in the diet accounted for 2.5% to 5% of the diet. The anticarcinogenic and chemopreventive activities of açaí were observed in all experimental models of cancer and reduced the incidence, tumor cell proliferation, multiplicity and size of the tumors due to the antiinflammatory, antiproliferative and proapoptotic properties of açaí. No genotoxic effects were observed after açaí administration. The results of this review suggest that açaí is safe and can be used as a chemoprotective agent against cancer development. Açaí therapy may be a novel strategy for treating cancer.

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Cytotoxic analysis and chemical characterization of fractions of the hydroalcoholic extract of the Euterpe oleracea Mart. seed in the MCF-7 cell line

Abstract: In this study, we demonstrated that EAF was the most effective fraction in reducing cell viability and causing necroptosis in the MCF-7 cell.

Cited by 22 publications

References 39 publications

Inhibitory Effect of Catechin-Rich Açaí Seed Extract on LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells and Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema

Inhibitory Effect of Catechin-Rich Açaí Seed Extract on LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells and Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema

Euterpe oleracea extract inhibits tumorigenesis effect of the chemical carcinogen DMBA in breast experimental cancer

Anticancer potential, molecular mechanisms and toxicity of Euterpe oleracea extract (açaí): A systematic review

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