Cytotoxic Activities against Breast Cancer Cells of Local Justicia gendarussa Crude Extracts

Abstract

Justicia gendarussa methanolic leaf extracts from five different locations in the Southern region of Peninsular Malaysia and two flavonoids, kaempferol and naringenin, were tested for cytotoxic activity. Kaempferol and naringenin were two flavonoids detected in leaf extracts using gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The results indicated that highest concentrations of kaempferol and naringenin were detected in leaves extracted from Mersing with 1591.80 mg/kg and 444.35 mg/kg, respectively. Positive correlations were observed between kaempferol and naringenin concentrations in all leaf extracts analysed with the Pearson method. The effects of kaempferol and naringenin from leaf extracts were examined on breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) using MTT assay. Leaf extract from Mersing showed high cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 with IC50 values of 23 μg/mL and 40 μg/mL, respectively, compared to other leaf extracts. Kaempferol possessed high cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 with IC50 values of 23 μg/mL and 34 μg/mL, respectively. These findings suggest that the presence of kaempferol in Mersing leaf extract contributed to high cytotoxicity of both MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cancer cell lines.

A Cytotoxic Approach of Justica Gendarussa BURM.F Against Human Cancer Cell Lines

“…According to the datas provided by Zahidah Ayob et.al 21 , the cytotoxicity of Jedarussa vulgaris was analysed by collecting the plant from different locations of Malaysia. Of these, the better results were taken into account for comparison with the present work (Table:3).…”

“…Of these, the better results were taken into account for comparison with the present work (Table:3). The standard drug Tamoxifen is used as the positive control by Zahidah Ayob et.al 21 . On comparison, the methanol and ethanol extracts of the plant has the prominent effect against HepG2 cell line.…”

“…The methanolic extracts of J.vulgaris leaves and roots showed cytotoxic activity against brine shrimp in the brine shrimp lethality assay with IC50 values of 48.71 μg/ml and 93.25μg/ml respectively 11 . In addition, the cyto toxicity of the plant against human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) was studied 21 .…”

In Vitro Effect of 8-Prenylnaringenin and Naringenin on Fibroblasts and Glioblastoma Cells—Cellular Accumulation and Cytotoxicity

“…Our results indicated that IC50 naringenin values for BJ and U-118 MG cell lines were equal to 297 and 57 µg/mL respectively. Ayob et al [29] estimated naringenin IC50 values for basal-B mammary carcinoma (MDA-MB-231), basal-A mammary carcinoma (MDA-MB-468) and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) in similar range of values as 238, 70 and 21 µg/mL after 72 hours treatment using MTT assay.…”

Detection of Naringenin and Kaempferol in Justicia gendarussa Leaf Extracts by GC-FID

“…The root and leaves extracts of J. gendarussa have been used traditionally to treat many ailments such as chronic rheumatism, inflammations, bronchitis, headache, arthritis, vaginal discharges, dyspepsia, eye disease and fever (Janarthanam & Sumathi 2010). Leaves and stem extracts of J. gendarussa were reported to possess anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiangiogenis, antiplatelet and hepatoprotective activities (Ayob et al 2014(Ayob et al , 2013Krishna et al 2010aKrishna et al , 2010bPeriyanayagam et al 2009;Sharma et al 2011;Subramanian et al 2012). Phytochemical analysis on leaves of J. gendarussa has showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, amino acids, triterpenoid saponins, aromatics amines, triterpenoid (stigmasterol, lupeol and 16-hydroxylupeol) (Bambang Prajogo et al 2009;Chakravarty et al 1981;Mustafa et al 2010).…”