Cytostatic Arrest: Post‐Ovulation Arrest until Fertilization in Metazoan Oocytes

Nishiyama, Tomoko; Tachibana, Kazunori; Kishimoto, Takeo

doi:10.1002/9780470687970.ch14

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…In fact, given the wide diversity in body plans and modes of reproduction exhibited by extant marine invertebrates, variable patterns and mechanisms of meiotic progression could certainly have evolved from one taxon to another, or even among closely related species within the same group. For example, unfertilized oocytes of some starfish species are known to arrest at G1 after the second meiotic division, whereas others terminate at G2 (Nishiyama et al, 2010). Similarly, oocytes of one starfish (Asterina pectinifera), but not of another (Astropecten aranciacus), respond to cADPR (Chun and Santella, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, along with exhibiting different patterns of meiotic arrest (Nishiyama et al, 2010), marine invertebrate oocytes can also vary in the timing of GVBD onset relative to the initial stimulation of maturation. Thus, as proposed for mammals (Homa et al, 1993), variable results might be obtained, depending on exactly when an experimental manipulation such as calcium chelation is carried out with respect to the delivery of a maturation-inducing stimulus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nemerteans are usually dioecious, and gravid females typically possess numerous ovaries with relatively small (~70-200 mm) and translucent oocytes that lack follicle cells (Stricker et al, 2001). Whether nemertean oocytes in the field begin GVBD before or after being spawned has yet Nishiyama et al (2010) and Chiba (2011), which contain further details regarding various subtypes within these patterns.…”

Section: Nemerteans (Ribbon Worms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During GVBD, prophase arrest is overridden, and the oocyte disassembles its GV in preparation for two unequal meiotic divisions that will ultimately yield a large haploid egg with small polar bodies located at the egg's animal pole. In many species, maturing oocytes complete their pre-fertilization phase of meiosis by entering into a secondary cell cycle arrest at metaphase I or metaphase II (Nishiyama et al, 2010;Chiba, 2011), although various exceptions to this pattern occur throughout the animal kingdom (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, oocytes or eggs are known to elevate their concentrations of intracellular calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) during fertilization, typically by releasing Ca 2+ from stores within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via inositol-1,4,5 trisphosphate (IP 3 )-dependent-or IP 3 -independent pathways (Miyazaki, 2006). Accordingly, in order to generate effective Ca 2+ signals during fertilization, oocytes of most animals must first enhance their calcium release capabilities during meiotic maturation (Stricker, 1999;Nader et al, 2013), and in mature, metaphase-arrested oocytes undergoing fertilization, such enhanced capabilities enable the production of robust calcium responses that ultimately downregulate MPF and CSF activities to allow the completion of meiosis (Nishiyama et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Calcium signals and oocyte maturation in marine invertebrates

Deguchi¹,

Takeda²,

Stricker³

2015

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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In various oocytes and eggs of animals, transient elevations in cytoplasmic calcium ion concentrations are known to regulate key processes during fertilization and the completion of meiosis. However, whether or not calcium transients also help to reinitiate meiotic progression at the onset of oocyte maturation remains controversial. This article summarizes reports of calcium signals playing essential roles during maturation onset (=germinal vesicle breakdown, GVBD) in several kinds of marine invertebrate oocytes. Conversely, other data from the literature, as well as previously unpublished findings for jellyfish oocytes, fail to support the view that calcium signals are required for GVBD. In addition to assessing the effects of calcium transients on GVBD in marine invertebrate oocytes, the ability of maturing oocytes to enhance their calcium-releasing capabilities after GVBD is also reviewed. Furthermore, possible explanations are proposed for the contradictory results that have been obtained regarding calcium signals during oocyte maturation in marine invertebrates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nemerteans (Ribbon Worms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Calcium signals and oocyte maturation in marine invertebrates

Deguchi¹,

Takeda²,

Stricker³

2015

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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The translational regulation of maternal mRNAs in time and space

Winata

Korzh

2018

FEBS Letters

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Since their discovery, the study of maternal mRNAs has led to the identification of mechanisms underlying their spatiotemporal regulation within the context of oogenesis and early embryogenesis. Following synthesis in the oocyte, maternal mRNAs are translationally silenced and sequestered into storage in cytoplasmic granules. At the same time, their unique distribution patterns throughout the oocyte and embryo are tightly controlled and connected to their functions in downstream embryonic processes. At certain points in oogenesis and early embryogenesis, maternal mRNAs are translationally activated to perform their functions in a timely manner. The cytoplasmic polyadenylation machinery is responsible for the translational activation of maternal mRNAs, and its role in initiating the maternal to zygotic transition events has recently come to light. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on maternal mRNA regulation, with particular focus on cytoplasmic polyadenylation as a mechanism for translational regulation.

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Evolution of the acquisition of fertilization competence and polyspermy blocks during meiotic maturation

Chiba

2011

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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SUMMARYIn many animals, fully grown oocytes are arrested at prophase of meiosis I. Before or after ovulation/spawning, a secondary arrest occurs at metaphase of meiosis I or II (MI or II, respectively). MI arrest in the ovary is released after spawning, and is followed by fertilization, whereas MI and MII arrest after ovulation are released by fertilization. Insemination of isolated oocytes from the ovaries at an inappropriate time increases the rate of polyspermy, indicating that ovaries provide the proper environment for acquisition of the polyspermy blocks and the development of competence to be fertilized normally. Due to MI arrest in the ovaries or MI/MII arrest after ovulation/ spawning, the fertilizable period can be elongated. Thus, MI and MII arrest may play a role in maintaining the cell-cycle phases to enable normal fertilization. Here, the evolution of fertilization timing is discussed.Mol.

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Cytostatic Arrest: Post‐Ovulation Arrest until Fertilization in Metazoan Oocytes

Cited by 15 publications

References 112 publications

Calcium signals and oocyte maturation in marine invertebrates

Calcium signals and oocyte maturation in marine invertebrates

The translational regulation of maternal mRNAs in time and space

Evolution of the acquisition of fertilization competence and polyspermy blocks during meiotic maturation

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