Cytosolic calcium changes in individual neutrophils stimulated by opsonized and unopsonized Candida albicans hyphae

Levitz, Stuart M.; Lyman, Caron A.; Murata, Toshiaki; Sullivan, James A.; Mandell, G. L.; Diamond, Richard D.

doi:10.1128/iai.55.11.2783-2788.1987

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Under such conditions, capsule thickness averaged 1.2 m, as measured with a light microscope equipped with a calibrated ocular micrometer following negative staining with India ink (30). A well-described isolate of C. albicans (28,44) was grown in the yeast phase on Sabouraud dextrose agar at 25ЊC. Fungi were harvested after 4 days of growth, washed at least five times in PBS, heat killed at 50ЊC for 30 min, and stored at 4ЊC.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of interleukin-10 on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell responses to Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans, and lipopolysaccharide

et al. 1996

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Deactivation of mononuclear phagocytes is critical to limit the inflammatory response but can be detrimental in the face of progressive infection. We compared the effects of the deactivating cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Cryptococcus neoformans, and Candida albicans. IL-10 effected dose-dependent inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-␣) release in PBMC stimulated by LPS and C. neoformans, with significant inhibition seen with 0.1 U/ml and greater than 90% inhibition noted with 10 U/ml. In contrast, even at doses as high as 100 U/ml, IL-10 inhibited TNF-␣ release in response to C. albicans by only 50%. IL-10 profoundly inhibited release of IL-1␤ from PBMC stimulated by all three stimuli. TNF-␣ mRNA and release was inhibited even if IL-10 was added up to 8 h after cryptococcal stimulation. In contrast, inhibition of IL-1␤ mRNA was of lesser magnitude and occurred only when IL-10 was added within 2 h of cryptococcal stimulation. IL-10 inhibited translocation of NF-B in response to LPS but not the fungal stimuli. All three stimuli induced IL-10 production in PBMC, although over 10-fold less IL-10 was released in response to C. neoformans compared with LPS and C. albicans. Thus, while IL-10 has deactivating effects on PBMC responses to all three stimuli, disparate stimulus-and response-specific patterns of deactivation are seen. Inhibition by IL-10 of proinflammatory cytokine release appears to occur at the level of gene transcription for TNF-␣ and both transcriptionally and posttranscriptionally for IL-1␤.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of interleukin-10 on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell responses to Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans, and lipopolysaccharide

et al. 1996

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“…For the experiments depicted in Fig. 1, a well-defined isolate of Candida albicans (23) was grown in the yeast phase on Sabouraud dextrose agar. Hyphae were obtained by the incubation of yeasts in RPMI 1640 for 4 h at 37ЊC (23).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1, a well-defined isolate of Candida albicans (23) was grown in the yeast phase on Sabouraud dextrose agar. Hyphae were obtained by the incubation of yeasts in RPMI 1640 for 4 h at 37ЊC (23). C. neoformans (strain 145) and C. albicans were heat killed by immersion in a 60ЊC water bath for 30 min, washed, and resuspended at 10 8 (10 7 for hyphae) fungal cells per ml.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of inhibition of Cryptococcus neoformans by human lymphocytes

et al. 1995

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Recently, our laboratory and others have demonstrated that human peripheral blood T and NK lymphocytes directly inhibit the growth of Cryptococcus neoformans. In this study, we further define the conditions under which lymphocyte-mediated fungistasis against C. neoformans occurs and examine whether mechanisms implicated in lymphocyte-mediated activities against other target cells are also involved in anticryptococcal activity. The addition of whole or broken heat-killed C. neoformans modestly inhibited lymphocyte-mediated fungistasis, whereas other particulates had no effect. The hydroxyl radical scavenger catechin, but not diethyl urea or propyl gallate, profoundly inhibited fungistasis. Salicylic acid inhibited fungistasis in a dose-dependent fashion. However, two other cyclooxygenase inhibitors, piroxicam and indomethacin, had no effect, suggesting that the mechanism of inhibition by salicylic acid was cyclooxygenase independent. Reagent prostaglandin E 2 , at concentrations shown by others to inhibit NK cell-mediated bactericidal and tumorlytic activities, had no effect on lymphocyte-mediated fungistasis. The addition of selected monoclonal antibodies or ligands reactive with receptors on human lymphocytes had no significant effect on lymphocyte-mediated fungistasis. Acapsular, small-capsuled, and large-capsuled C. neoformans organisms were inhibited by lymphocytes to an approximately equal extent. These data demonstrate that lymphocyte-mediated activity against C. neoformans proceeds regardless of the presence of capsule and by mechanisms at least in part dissimilar from those seen with other target cells.

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“…Though we noted that such a calcium response is elicited by both opsonized and unopsonized hyphae, the neutrophil response to the latter was significantly delayed (32, 34). However, these late responses were not attributable to delayed attachment or spreading of neutrophils over hyphal surfaces (32). Moreover, these disparate temporal patterns of cytosolic calcium responses elicited by unopsonized hyphae were directly paralleled by corresponding increases in 1,4,5-inositol trisphosphate (39).…”

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confidence: 90%

“…These considerations seem particularly significant since our previous data suggest that opsonized and unopsonized hyphae may activate divergent signal transduction pathways in neutrophils, pathways that may differ from those initiated * Corresponding author. by other agonists as well (28,32,33,35,39). A hypothetical model of neutrophil activation based on a large body of evidence obtained with the soluble chemotactic peptide fMet-Leu-Phe (fMLP) (6,7,23,45,46,51,52,60) as well as with particulate opsonized zymosan (36,41,42) has been proposed.…”

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confidence: 99%

Independence of neutrophil respiratory burst oxidant generation from the early cytosolic calcium response after stimulation with unopsonized Candida albicans hyphae

1989

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We previously noted differences between neutrophil responses to unopsonized Candida albicans hyphae and responses to other particulate stimuli such as opsonized hyphae or zymosan; these differences include delayed rises in cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i), 1,4,5-inositol trisphosphate, and superoxide release and the total absence of early membrane depolarization. Respiratory burst stimulation is required for killing of C. albicans hyphae. Since an early rise in [Ca2+]i may act as a second messenger for burst activation by most agonists, we chelated (Ca2+)i and extraceliular Ca2+ [(Ca2+)e] to compare requirements for superoxide responses to hyphae and other stimuli. Intracellular chelation, which ablated early [Ca2+1i rises, eliminated the fMet-Leu-Phe-induced respiratory burst and profoundly reduced that response to opsonized zymosan (by 96.7%), but chelation of both (Ca2+)i and (Ca2+)e only partially inhibited responses to opsonized and unopsonized hyphae (60.5 and 23.3%, respectively; the latter exceeded absolute responses evoked by opsonized zymosan, a 12-foldmore-potent stimulus for unchelated cells). Simultaneous (Ca2)1 and (Ca2+)e chelation further decreased

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Cytosolic calcium changes in individual neutrophils stimulated by opsonized and unopsonized Candida albicans hyphae

Cited by 23 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of interleukin-10 on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell responses to Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans, and lipopolysaccharide

Effects of interleukin-10 on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell responses to Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans, and lipopolysaccharide

Mechanisms of inhibition of Cryptococcus neoformans by human lymphocytes

Independence of neutrophil respiratory burst oxidant generation from the early cytosolic calcium response after stimulation with unopsonized Candida albicans hyphae

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