Cytosolic Alkalinization Mediated by Abscisic Acid Is Necessary, but Not Sufficient, for Abscisic Acid-Induced Gene Expression in Barley Aleurone Protoplasts

Veen, Renske M. van der; Heimovaara-Dijkstra, S.; Wang, Mei

doi:10.1104/pp.100.2.699

Cited by 57 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The null-point method used for barley aleurone protoplasts, as described in Van der Veen et al (1992), was adapted for Arabidopsis guard cell protoplasts. Briefly, 10 6 GCPs were placed in a weakly buffered medium (0.5 mM MES, 10 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl 2 , 1 mM CaCl 2 , 500 mM mannitol, pH 7).…”

Section: Measurements Of Cytoplasmic Ph By the Null-point Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytoplasmic Alkalization Precedes Reactive Oxygen Species Production during Methyl Jasmonate- and Abscisic Acid-Induced Stomatal Closure

et al. 2004

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(J.M.K.) Signaling events during abscisic acid (ABA) or methyl jasmonate (MJ)-induced stomatal closure were examined in Arabidopsis wild type, ABA-insensitive (ost1-2), and MJ-insensitive mutants ( jar1-1) in order to examine a crosstalk between ABA and MJ signal transduction. Some of the experiments were performed on epidermal strips of Pisum sativum. Stomata of jar1-1 mutant plants are insensitive to MJ but are able to close in response to ABA. However, their sensitivity to ABA is less than that of wildtype plants. Reciprocally, the stomata of ost1-2 are insensitive to ABA but are able to close in response to MJ to a lesser extent compared to wild-type plants. Both MJ and ABA promote H 2 O 2 production in wild-type guard cells, while exogenous application of diphenylene iodonium (DPI) chloride, an inhibitor of NAD(P)H oxidases, results in the suppression of ABA-and MJ-induced stomatal closure. ABA elevates H 2 O 2 production in wild-type and jar1-1 guard cells but not in ost1-2, whereas MJ induces H 2 O 2 production in both wild-type and ost1-2 guard cells, but not in jar1-1. MJ-induced stomatal closing is suppressed in the NAD(P)H oxidase double mutant atrbohD/F and in the outward potassium channel mutant gork1. Furthermore, MJ induces alkalization in guard cell cytosol, and MJ-induced stomatal closing is inhibited by butyrate. Analyses of the kinetics of cytosolic pH changes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production show that the alkalization of cytoplasm precedes ROS production during the stomatal response to both ABA and MJ. Our results further indicate that JAR1, as OST1, functions upstream of ROS produced by NAD(P)H oxidases and that the cytoplasmic alkalization precedes ROS production during MJ or ABA signal transduction in guard cells.

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Section: Measurements Of Cytoplasmic Ph By the Null-point Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytoplasmic Alkalization Precedes Reactive Oxygen Species Production during Methyl Jasmonate- and Abscisic Acid-Induced Stomatal Closure

et al. 2004

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“…The cytoplasmic Ca# + concentration ([Ca# + ]) of barley and wheat aleurone cells is elevated from 100 n to around 500 n by GA, whereas ABA reduces Ca# + concentrations ( Fig. 3 a-c ; Bush & Jones, 1987, 1988Wang, Van-Duijn & Schram, 1991 ;Gilroy & Jones, 1992 ;van der Meulen, Visser & Wang, 1996 ;Bush, 1996 ;Gilroy, 1996). Calmodulin expression is also increased in response to GA (Fig.…”

Section: Transduction Of the Ga Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gibberellins: regulating genes and germination

Ritchie

Gilroy

1998

New Phytologist

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The range of processes regulated by gibberellins (GAs) covers all aspects of the life history of the plant from seed germination to vegetative growth and flowering. In seeds there has been an intensive search, using the techniques of both biochemistry and cell biology, for the regulatory molecules linking GA perception to gene regulation and the events of germination. Although a GA receptor has yet to be identified, the site of perception has been localized to the plasma membrane. Calmodulin, Ca2+ and cGMP have also been identified as elements of the GA signal transduction pathway. These regulators parallel many of the signalling elements identified in the transduction of other signals such as phytochrome and ABA. Studies of GA‐regulated gene expression, principally of the α‐amylases of cereal aleurone, have identified core GA‐responsive promoter elements, such as the gibberellin response element (GARE), box‐1 and pyrimidine boxes, as well as elements that may lend specificity to GA‐regulated expression, such as the Opaque‐2‐similar element (O2S), and TRE and CRE motifs. One of the most striking features of all of these studies of the molecular basis of GA action is the interaction of GA‐dependent regulatory elements with those of other factors such as ABA. GA‐response elements also appear to be conserved between disparate GA‐response systems. For example, Myb transcription factors appear to regulate a multitude of GA‐induced genes in cereal aleurone as well as to alter GA responses when expressed in Arabidopsis. Thus the study of GA signal transduction and response systems is highlighting the conservation of regulatory elements used by plants. These common factors, used by distinct signal transduction systems, provide a molecular basis for the integration of the GA signal with other growth regulators that is the hallmark of plant growth and development.

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“…GA promotes the expression and secretion of hydrolytic enzymes (principally ␣-amylases), which break down the starchy endosperm providing resources for seed germination. ABA inhibits these responses to GA, and causes the upregulation of ABA responsive genes such as HVA1 and RAB (responsive to ABA) (1)(2)(3)(4)(5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Candidate signal transduction events that lead from perception to gene induction include changes in cytoplasmic pH (3,4), membrane potential (5), and protein phosphorylation, possibly through a mitogenactivating protein kinase-like activity (9). Elevated cytoplasmic [Ca 2ϩ ] has also been shown to be essential for secretory activity in the aleurone (8,(10)(11)(12)(13); ABA causes decreases in this ion that are a necessary component of its inhibition of the GA response (8,11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abscisic acid signal transduction in the barley aleurone is mediated by phospholipase D activity

1998

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

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The plant hormones abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA) are important regulators of the dormancy and germination of seeds. In cereals, GA enhances the synthesis and secretion of enzymes (principally ␣-amylases) in the aleurone cells of the endosperm, which then mobilize the storage reserves that fuel germination. ABA inhibits this enhanced secretory activity and delays germination. Despite the central role of ABA in regulating germination, the signal transduction events leading to altered gene expression and cellular activity are essentially unknown. We report that the application of ABA to aleurone protoplasts increased the activity of the enzyme phospholipase D (PLD) 10 min after treatment. The product of PLD activity, phosphatidic acid (PPA), also increased transiently at this time. The application of PPA to aleurone protoplasts led to an ABA-like inhibition of ␣-amylase production, and induction of the ABA upregulated proteins ASI (amylase subtilisin inhibitor) and RAB (responsive to ABA). Inhibition of PLD activity by 0.1% 1-butanol during the initial 20 min of ABA treatment resulted in inhibition of ABA-regulated processes. This inhibition coincided with the timing of PLD activation by ABA and was overcome by simultaneous addition of PPA. These results suggest that ABA activates the enzyme PLD to produce PPA that is involved in triggering the subsequent ABA responses of the aleurone cell.

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Cytosolic Alkalinization Mediated by Abscisic Acid Is Necessary, but Not Sufficient, for Abscisic Acid-Induced Gene Expression in Barley Aleurone Protoplasts

Cited by 57 publications

References 26 publications

Cytoplasmic Alkalization Precedes Reactive Oxygen Species Production during Methyl Jasmonate- and Abscisic Acid-Induced Stomatal Closure

Cytoplasmic Alkalization Precedes Reactive Oxygen Species Production during Methyl Jasmonate- and Abscisic Acid-Induced Stomatal Closure

Gibberellins: regulating genes and germination

Abscisic acid signal transduction in the barley aleurone is mediated by phospholipase D activity

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