Cytoskeletal Motors in Arabidopsis. Sixty-One Kinesins and Seventeen Myosins

Lee, Yuh‐Ru Julie; Liu, Bo

doi:10.1104/pp.104.052621

Cited by 143 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The most prominent group of downregulated genes encoded kinesins, which are motor proteins that carry cargo, such as vesicles. Of the 61 Arabidopsis genes encoding kinesins (Lee and Liu, 2004), 21 with a clear link to the cell division process were downregulated in hub1-1, among which are HINKEL/NACK1 and TETRASPORE/NACK2, KNOLLE, and MAP/PLEIADE. The hinkel, tetraspore, knolle, and pleiade knockout mutants are known to be defective in the cell plate formation during cytokinesis, leading to abnormal cells with often large nuclei (Mü ller et al, 2002;Strompen et al, 2002;Yang et al, 2003).…”

Section: Hub1 Affects G2-to-m Transition and Mitosismentioning

confidence: 99%

TheArabidopsis thalianaHomolog of YeastBRE1Has a Function in Cell Cycle Regulation during Early Leaf and Root Growth

et al. 2007

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Chromatin modification and transcriptional activation are novel roles for E3 ubiquitin ligase proteins that have been mainly associated with ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis. We identified HISTONE MONOUBIQUITINATION1 (HUB1) (and its homolog HUB2) in Arabidopsis thaliana as RING E3 ligase proteins with a function in organ growth. We show that HUB1 is a functional homolog of the human and yeast BRE1 proteins because it monoubiquitinated histone H2B in an in vitro assay. Hub knockdown mutants had pale leaf coloration, modified leaf shape, reduced rosette biomass, and inhibited primary root growth. One of the alleles had been designated previously as ang4-1. Kinematic analysis of leaf and root growth together with flow cytometry revealed defects in cell cycle activities. The hub1-1 (ang4-1) mutation increased cell cycle duration in young leaves and caused an early entry into the endocycles. Transcript profiling of shoot apical tissues of hub1-1 (ang4-1) indicated that key regulators of the G2-to-M transition were misexpressed. Based on the mutant characterization, we postulate that HUB1 mediates gene activation and cell cycle regulation probably through chromatin modifications.

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Section: Hub1 Affects G2-to-m Transition and Mitosismentioning

confidence: 99%

TheArabidopsis thalianaHomolog of YeastBRE1Has a Function in Cell Cycle Regulation during Early Leaf and Root Growth

et al. 2007

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“…The genome of the reference plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) encodes 13 class XI and four class VIII myosins (Reddy and Day, 2001), of which only a few have been studied in any detail (Lee and Liu, 2004). The fastest, among known molecular motors, processive motion supported by myosin XI-2 ortholog from Nicotiana benthamiana suggested that it might play a role in cytoplasmic streaming (Tominaga et al, 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

Myosin XI-K Is Required for Rapid Trafficking of Golgi Stacks, Peroxisomes, and Mitochondria in Leaf Cells of Nicotiana benthamiana

et al. 2008

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A prominent feature of plant cells is the rapid, incessant movement of the organelles traditionally defined as cytoplasmic streaming and attributed to actomyosin motility. We sequenced six complete Nicotiana benthamiana cDNAs that encode class XI and class VIII myosins. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that these two classes of myosins diverged prior to the radiation of green algae and land plants from a common ancestor and that the common ancestor of land plants likely possessed at least seven myosins. We further report here that movement of Golgi stacks, mitochondria, and peroxisomes in the leaf cells of N. benthamiana is mediated mainly by myosin XI-K. Suppression of myosin XI-K function using dominant negative inhibition or RNA interference dramatically reduced movement of each of these organelles. When similar approaches were used to inhibit functions of myosin XI-2 or XI-F, only moderate to marginal effects were observed. Organelle trafficking was virtually unaffected in response to inhibition of each of the three class VIII myosins. Interestingly, none of the tested six myosins appears to be involved in light-induced movements of chloroplasts. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that myosin XI-K has a major role in trafficking of Golgi stacks, mitochondria, and peroxisomes, whereas myosins XI-2 and XI-F might perform accessory functions in this process. In addition, our analysis of thousands of individual organelles revealed independent movement patterns for Golgi stacks, mitochondria, and peroxisomes, indicating that the notion of coordinated cytoplasmic streaming is not generally applicable to higher plants.

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“…In animal cells, the role of different kinesins in distinct mitotic stages is well documented. Even though kinesins are strongly represented in plant genomes, with the exception of the class kinesin 2 and 3 for which there are no homologs, only a few members have been implicated in spindle organization, chromosome movement and cytokinesis [3]. Plants have additional, strongly diverged kinesins that do not classify within the subfamilies that have been defined to date [4].…”

Section: Specialized Kinesins For Mitotic Plant Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MTs from the centrosome and the centromere are depolymerized by Kif2A and Klp10A and by MCAK and Klp59C, respectively (Figure 2). Arabidopsis contains two members of the Kinesin-13 subfamily, AtKinesin-13A and AtKinesin-13B [3]. AtKinesin-13B is controlled by mitosis and Atkinesin-13A is not, but they both lack a Lys-rich neck motif that is commonly found in other Kinesin-13 members, implying functional divergence from their animal counterparts [3].…”

Section: M-phase-specific Kinesins Related To Animal Kinesinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arabidopsis contains two members of the Kinesin-13 subfamily, AtKinesin-13A and AtKinesin-13B [3]. AtKinesin-13B is controlled by mitosis and Atkinesin-13A is not, but they both lack a Lys-rich neck motif that is commonly found in other Kinesin-13 members, implying functional divergence from their animal counterparts [3]. Indeed, Atkinesin-13A localizes to Golgi stacks and contributes to Golgi distribution in Arabidopsis trichomes [63].…”

Section: M-phase-specific Kinesins Related To Animal Kinesinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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