Cytosine arabinoside with daunorubicin or adriamycin for therapy of acute myelocytic leukemia: a CALGB study

Abstract

A randomized comparison of the relative efficacy and toxicity of daunorubicin (DNR) at 30 or 45 mg/sq m or adriamycin (ADM) at 30 mg/sq m, given on the first 3 days of a 7-day continuous infusion of cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) at 100 mg/sq m/day, shows the outcome to be dependent on anthracycline, dose, and patient age. DNR 45 is significantly better than DNR 30 or ADM 30 for inducing complete remissions (CR) in patients younger than 60 yr, (72%, 59%, 58% CRs, respectively). DNR 30 is better than DNR 45 or ADM 30 for inducing CR in patients older than 60 yr (47%, 31%, 35%, respectively). There was a corresponding shift in the induction mortality for the age, dose, and anthracycline groups. Adriamycin was significantly more toxic to the gastrointestinal tract than daunorubicin. The duration of complete remission, with cyclic courses of maintenance therapy, was independent of the patient's age, the dose, or choice of anthracycline used in induction, and of whether the maintenance courses were given every 4 wk or every 8 wk.

PRMT1 inhibition promotes ferroptosis sensitivity via ACSL1 upregulation in acute myeloid leukemia

“…Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common and deadly form of acute leukemia in adults 1,2 . Over the past few decades, intensive chemotherapy has remained the standard therapeutic option for patients with AML 3–5 . However, the majority of patients with AML inevitably develop relapse or refractory disease despite intensive therapy, and the long‐term survival rate is only approximately 35%–40% for younger patients (<60 years) and 5%–15% for older patients (>60 years) 2 .…”