Cytomorphological changes and susceptibility of clinical isolates of Acanthamoeba spp. to heterocyclic alkylphosphocholines

Garajová, Mária; Mrva, Martin; Timko, Lukáš; Lukáč, Miloš; Ondriska, František

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2014.05.015

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For detection of the polysaccharide-containing cyst wall by fluorescence microscopy, the staining with optical brightener is recommended in experimental conditions but also in clinical specimens 9,49 . Similarly, like in previous study 52 , the intravital staining with optical brightener Rylux, which is the Calcofluor white analogue that binds to polysaccharides, successfully demonstrated the double-layered cyst wall in both isolates. The intense fluorescence signal was detected in endocyst composed mainly of cellulose while the ectocyst showed only faint fluorescence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…This is the most common combination in human Acanthamoeba infections and therefore it was used also as a model in Acanthamoeba genome studies 21 or in studies of the susceptibility to chemotherapeutic agents 49 . Clinical isolates used in the present study belong to species Acanthamoeba lugdunensis and Acanthamoeba quina , known as human pathogens, causative agents of Acanthamoeba keratitis 1,50–52 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strain of Acanthamoeba lugdunensis Pussard & Pons, 1977 was isolated from a corneal scrape from a severe case of keratitis with coinfection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the left eye 50 . The strain of Acanthamoeba quina Pussard & Pons, 1977 was isolated from a corneal scrape from a patient with a keratitis and scleritis in the right eye 52 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acanthamoebae were cultured axenically in peptone-yeast extract-glucose medium (PYG) (proteose peptone from animal tissue and yeast extract were produced by Sigma-Aldrich, Slovak Republic). Axenic cultures were obtained as described previously 52 . Briefly, from the 2-day monoxenic cultures on agar plates (1.5% non-nutrient agar with a layer of E. coli ), the trophozoites were axenised by inoculation into the Bacto-Casitone/Serum medium (BCS) with penicillin and ampicillin in order to eliminate bacteria.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment are essential for Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture

Garajová

Mrva²,

Vaškovicová

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Acanthamoebae success as human pathogens is largely due to the highly resistant cysts which represent a crucial problem in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. Hence, the study of cyst wall composition and encystment play an important role in finding new therapeutic strategies. For the first time, we detected high activity of cytoskeletal elements – microtubular networks and filamentous actin, in late phases of encystment. Cellulose fibrils – the main components of endocyst were demonstrated in inter-cystic space, and finally in the ectocyst, hereby proving the presence of cellulose in both layers of the cyst wall. We detected clustering of intramembranous particles (IMPs) and their density alterations in cytoplasmic membrane during encystment. We propose a hypothesis that in the phase of endocyst formation, the IMP clusters represent cellulose microfibril terminal complexes involved in cellulose synthesis that after cyst wall completion are reduced. Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. Disruption of this pathway would affect the synthesis of cyst wall and reduce considerably the resistance to chemotherapeutic agents.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment are essential for Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture

Garajová

Mrva²,

Vaškovicová

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…The trophocidal activities against acanthamoebae were tested according to the previously described procedure (Garajová et al, 2014). Acanthamoeba lugdunensis (strain AcaVNAK02, T4 genotype) and A. quina (strain AcaVNAK03, T4 genotype) represented clinical isolates of free‐living amoebae, which were isolated from the corneas of two patients who suffered from Acanthamoeba keratitis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Surface Activity, and Biological Activities of Phosphonium and Metronidazole Salts

Lukáč

Pisárčik

Garajová

et al. 2020

J Surfact & Detergents

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A series of phosphonium amphiphilic compounds was synthesized. Cationic parts of molecules contain triphenylphosphonium moieties. Lipophilic parts of compounds are represented by straight alkyl chain or the alkyl chains which are ornamented by benzyl or metronidazole. The physicochemical properties of phosphonium amphiphilic compounds were investigated by the measurements of surface tension and conductivity. The critical micelle concentration (cmc), the surface tension value at the cmc (γ cmc), the surface area at the surface saturation per head group (A cmc) were determined. The lowest cmc value was determined for phosphonium salts with straight dodecyl alkyl chain. Its value was 1.5 × 10 −3 mol dm −3. Surface tension at the cmc decreases with the addition of bulky moieties (benzyl, radical from metronidazol) at the end of alkyl chains. Biological activities of compounds were studied on human erythrocytes and strains of Acanthamoeba lugdunensis and Acanthamoeba quina. Dodecyltriphenylphosphonium bromide showed the highest activity against Acanthamoeba. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first compound of the group of phosphonium amphiphiles, which exhibited high activity against Acanthamoeba. The determined structure-activity relationship indicated nonspecific trophocidal and hemolytic activity that depends on physicochemical properties of the studied compounds.

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Antiamoebic activity of synthetic tetrazoles against Acanthamoeba castellanii belonging to T4 genotype and effects of conjugation with silver nanoparticles

Ali

Fatima

et al. 2020

Parasitol Res

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Cytomorphological changes and susceptibility of clinical isolates of Acanthamoeba spp. to heterocyclic alkylphosphocholines

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment are essential for Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture

Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment are essential for Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture

Synthesis, Surface Activity, and Biological Activities of Phosphonium and Metronidazole Salts

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Antiamoebic activity of synthetic tetrazoles against Acanthamoeba castellanii belonging to T4 genotype and effects of conjugation with silver nanoparticles

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