Cytometry in malaria: Moving beyond Giemsa

Shapiro, Howard M.; Mandy, Francis

doi:10.1002/cyto.a.20453

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…In clinical diagnosis, it is important to distinguish between malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum and malaria due to the other species (Shapiro, 2007), because microscopy is an imperfect ''Gold Standard'' diagnostic device (Makler, 1998).…”

Section: Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Flow Cytometry to Clinical Microbiology

Pieretti¹,

Masucci²,

Moretti³

2012

Clinical Flow Cytometry - Emerging Applications

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Section: Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Flow Cytometry to Clinical Microbiology

Pieretti¹,

Masucci²,

Moretti³

2012

Clinical Flow Cytometry - Emerging Applications

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“…These are efficient methods; however the results can vary depending on the severity of infection and the high occurrence of young parasitic forms (ringstage infections) in the peripheral blood, which are only beginning to establish metabolic processes. Due to the recent advancements in technology, several malaria diagnostic techniques such as microarray [17], PCR [18], loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) [19], flow cytometry [20], hemozoin detection using automated hematology analyser [21] have been developed for efficient malaria diagnosis. Diagnostic methods leveraging PCR, 18s-rRNA detection [22], mitochondrial cytochrome b activity [23,24], PgMt19 and PfMT869 mitochondrial regions [25], and the Pvr47 and Pfr364 genes [26,27], have been used for detecting Plasmodium species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<strong>A portable image-based cytometer for rapid malaria detection and quantification</strong>

Yang

Subramanian

Duan

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 7th International Multidisciplinary Conference on Optofluidics 2017

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Increasing resistance by malaria parasites to currently used antimalarials across the developing world warrants timely detection and classification so that appropriate drug combinations can be administered before clinical complications arise. However, this is often challenged by low levels of infection (referred to as parasitemia) and presence of predominantly young parasitic forms in the patients' peripheral blood. Herein, we developed a simple, inexpensive and portable image-based cytometer that detects and numerically counts Plasmodium falciparum infected red blood cells (iRBCs) from Giemsa-stained smears derived from infected blood. Our cytometer is able to classify all parasitic subpopulations by quantifying the area occupied by the parasites within iRBCs, with high specificity, sensitivity and negligible false positives (~0.0025%). Moreover, we demonstrate the application of our image-based cytometer in testing anti-malarial efficacy against a commercial flow cytometer and demonstrate comparable results between the two methods. Collectively, these results highlight the possibility to use our image-based cytometer as a cheap, rapid and accurate alternative for antimalarial testing without compromising on efficiency and minimal processing time. With appropriate filters applied into the algorithm, to rule out leukocytes and reticulocytes, our cytometer may also be used for field diagnosis of malaria.

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“…In this application, increased analysis throughput is a secondary concern compared to increased sensitivity and specificity. Portable, miniaturized cytometry devices may also be in high demand during outbreaks of influenza for virus typing (9-12), and are currently available for HIV, tuberculosis, or malaria screening, complete blood cell count measurements, and cell screening assays (13,14). Increased throughput will also benefit cell screening for drug discovery (15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…screening, complete blood cell count measurements, and cell screening assays (13,14). Increased throughput will also benefit cell screening for drug discovery (15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic impedance‐based flow cytometry

Berardino²,

et al. 2010

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Microfabricated flow cytometers can detect, count, and analyze cells or particles using microfluidics and electronics to give impedance-based characterization. Such systems are being developed to provide simple, low-cost, label-free, and portable solutions for cell analysis. Recent work using microfabricated systems has demonstrated the capability to analyze micro-organisms, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and animal and human cell lines. Multifrequency impedance measurements can give multiparametric, high-content data that can be used to distinguish cell types. New combinations of microfluidic sample handling design and microscale flow phenomena have been used to focus and position cells within the channel for improved sensitivity. Robust designs will enable focusing at high flowrates while reducing requirements for control over multiple sample and sheath flows. Although microfluidic impedance-based flow cytometers have not yet or may never reach the extremely high throughput of conventional flow cytometers, the advantages of portability, simplicity, and ability to analyze single cells in small populations are, nevertheless, where chip-based cytometry can make a large impact. ' 2010International Society for Advancement of Cytometry Key terms microfluidics; impedance characterization; label free; single cell analysis; hydrodynamic focusing; sorting MICROFLUIDIC flow cytometers can bring many advantages to the field of flow cytometry (FCM). Compared to typical flow cytometry channel sizes, the miniaturized dimensions permit microfluidic systems to analyze single cells, to identify cellular variability in gene expression, or drug response within a cell population. Chipbased cytometers can have lower size and costs than conventional benchtop instruments, and may be portable. Today, the developmental aim for microfluidic systems is to reach the same sensitivity and capability for multiparametric analyses as delivered by conventional flow cytometers. Many efforts have been made to improve existing devices and to create new miniaturized high-end instruments. Microfluidic chips can incorporate on-chip cell preparation, cell culture, lysis, and modules for optical, electrophoretic, or genomic analysis (1). They are also suitable for analysis of cells in suspension as well as adherent cells.Miniaturized cytometry devices will have high impact in the development of point-of-care devices in developing countries. Accurate CD4 1 T-cell counts are used to monitor human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, and various thresholds of the number of CD4 1 T lymphocytes per ll of whole blood are used to start antiretroviral therapy (2-5). A simple, single-purpose CD4 cell counting device, which does not require standard laboratory equipment or trained laboratory personnel, could help some of the 33 million HIV-infected people worldwide monitor the stage of infection (6)(7)(8). In this application, increased analysis throughput is a secondary concern compared to increased sensitivity and specificity. Portable, miniatu...

show abstract

Cytometry in malaria: Moving beyond Giemsa

Cited by 31 publications

References 69 publications

Applications of Flow Cytometry to Clinical Microbiology

Applications of Flow Cytometry to Clinical Microbiology

<strong>A portable image-based cytometer for rapid malaria detection and quantification</strong>

Microfluidic impedance‐based flow cytometry

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