Cytomegalovirus gB Genotype Distribution Differs in Human Immunodeficiency Virus--Infected Patients and Immunocompromised Allograft Recipients

Rasmussen, Lucy; Hong, Christina; Zipeto, Donato; Morris, Shannon R.; Sherman, D.; Chou, Sunwen; Miner, Richard C.; Drew, W. Lawrence; Wolitz, Richard A.; Dowling, Anna; Warford, Ann L.; Merigan, Thomas C.

doi:10.1093/infdis/175.1.179

Cited by 81 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This could be related to differences in active replication of HCMV in each of these groups, considering that AIDS patients frequently show pathologies related to HCMV active infection and reactivation/reinfection of immunocompromised patients has been well documented 19 . The AIDS patients results were similar to those reported by BALE et al 2 , RASMUSSEN et al 21 , ROSEN et al 22 , WOO et al 29 in showing the presence of genotype gB2. On the contrary, blood donors showed few polymorphic patterns probably related to a latent disease state, also with only the presence of genotype gB2.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Determination of human cytomegalovirus genetic diversity in different patient populations in Costa Rica

Ahumada-Ruiz

Taylor-Castillo

Visoná

et al. 2004

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYSeroprevalence of HCMV in Costa Rica is greater than 95% in adults; primary infections occur early in life and is the most frequent congenital infection in newborns. The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic variability and genotypes of HCMV gB gene in Costa Rica. Samples were collected from alcoholics, pregnant women, blood donors, AIDS patients, hematologyoncology (HO) children and HCMV isolates from neonates with cytomegalic inclusion disease. A semi-nested PCR system was used to obtain a product of 293-296 bp of the gB gene to be analyzed by Single Stranded Conformational Polymorphism (SSCP) and sequencing to determine the genetic polymorphic pattern and genotypes, respectively. AIDS patients showed the highest polymorphic diversity with 14 different patterns while fifty-six percent of HO children samples showed the same polymorphic pattern, suggesting in this group a possible nosocomial infection. In neonates three genotypes (gB1, gB2 and gB3), were determined while AIDS patients and blood donors only showed one (gB2). Of all samples analyzed only genotypes gB1, 2 and 3 were determined, genotype gB2 was the most frequent (73%) and mixed infections were not detected. The results of the study indicate that SSCP could be an important tool to detect HCMV intra-hospital infections and suggests a need to include additional study populations to better determine the genotype diversity and prevalence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Determination of human cytomegalovirus genetic diversity in different patient populations in Costa Rica

Ahumada-Ruiz

Taylor-Castillo

Visoná

et al. 2004

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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“…In an earlier report, we documented the occurrence of CMV reinfection between pregnancies in seropositive women, and such reinfection could lead to intrauterine transmission and symptomatic congenital CMV infection (5). Several other studies have also documented CMV infection with multiple virus strains in a variety of population groups, including children attending day care centers, human immunodeficiency virusinfected individuals, allograft recipients, and infants with congenital CMV infection (1,2,10,14). Together, the findings of these studies of different population groups suggest that infections with multiple CMV strains occur frequently.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Cytomegalovirus Strain Diversity in Seropositive Women

et al. 2008

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Infection and reinfection with multiple cytomegalovirus (CMV) strains have been shown to occur in immunocompromised individuals, sexually transmitted disease clinic attendees, and children attending day care centers. To characterize the CMV diversity in healthy seropositive individuals, 16 CMV PCR-positive specimens from 113 seropositive women were analyzed for glycoprotein gN and gB genotypes by cloning, followed by nucleotide sequencing of the plasmid DNA and/or restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The results showed that most (93.7%) of the PCR-positive specimens contained multiple gN and/or gB genomic variants, suggesting that the majority of women were infected with more than one virus strain. The results also showed that the RFLP technique might not be sufficiently sensitive to detect all of the genomic variants present in a sample.Cytomegalovirus (CMV) species are important opportunistic agents in infection of immunocompromised individuals and a frequent cause of congenital infection. Infection with multiple strains of CMV has been shown to occur frequently in immunocompromised individuals and sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic attendees (8, 10). In addition, reinfection with different CMV strains was documented to occur in children attending day care centers (2). More recently, CMV reinfections were demonstrated in seropositive women, and such reinfections can result in intrauterine transmission and damaging fetal infection (5).Extensive genetic polymorphisms in envelope glycoproteins of CMV, including glycoprotein B (gpUL55), glycoprotein O (gpUL74), and glycoprotein N (gpUL73), have been demonstrated among clinical CMV isolates. Major envelope glycoprotein B (gB) of CMV has been demonstrated to elicit a strong neutralizing antibody response (6), and on the basis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of clinical samples, four unique genomic variants, gB types 1 to 4, have been identified (9). Glycoprotein N has been shown to be highly polymorphic at the amino-terminal region, and most clinical CMV isolates have been shown to cluster into four distinct genomic variants, gN-1, gN-2, gN-3a, gN-3b, gN-4a, gN-4b, and gN-4c (11). Recent studies have shown that a significant proportion of the virus-neutralizing response was also directed against the gM/gN complex (17). No linkage between gN genotypes and gB genotypes has been observed (11).Published studies using RFLP analyses to determine the gN genotypes have identified only a single gN type in a given sample (11, 13). Studies of glycoprotein B based on RFLP analyses showed the presence of a single genotype or a limited number of samples containing mixtures of two gB genotypes (3, 7). However, a recent study using hybridization with typespecific probes (10) showed mixtures of all genotypes. To determine the CMV strain diversity in healthy seropositive women, the presence of multiple gN and gB genomic variants in urine or peripheral blood was examined by two different methods, RFLP and cloning followed by nucleotide se...

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“…Fax j49 761 203 6603. e-mail hufert!ukl.uni-freiburg.de HCMV infections, whereas others could not confirm these results (Fries et al, 1994 ;Bongarts et al, 1996 ;Vogelberg et al, 1996 ;Rasmussen et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation within the glycoprotein B gene of human cytomegalovirus is due to homologous recombination.

Haberland¹,

Meyer-K√∂nig²,

Hufert³

1999

Journal of General Virology

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) strains can be classified into different glycoprotein B (gB) genotypes. In a previous study, frequent intragenic variation of the gB gene was shown. The aim of this study was to analyse whether gB variation was due to homologous recombination. The gB gene of DNA extracts derived from the peripheral blood leukocytes of 14 immunosuppressed patients was amplified by PCR and cloned. Three variable sites of gB were analysed by restriction fragment analysis and DNA sequencing and compared with published prototypic strains. In three patients doubly infected with two distinct HCMV gB strains, prototypic (60-85 %) and nonprototypic recombinant strains (5-40 %) were detected. To demonstrate that homologous recombination is driving HCMV gB variability, cells were coinfected with plaque-purified prototypic gB strains and recombinant gB genes were selectively amplified by PCR. gB recombinants were detected after 15 days of coculture and cross-over sites were determined by sequencing. These data indicate that homologous recombination contributes to the variability of the gB gene in vitro and in vivo.

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Cytomegalovirus gB Genotype Distribution Differs in Human Immunodeficiency Virus--Infected Patients and Immunocompromised Allograft Recipients

Cited by 81 publications

References 14 publications

Determination of human cytomegalovirus genetic diversity in different patient populations in Costa Rica

Determination of human cytomegalovirus genetic diversity in different patient populations in Costa Rica

Cytomegalovirus Strain Diversity in Seropositive Women

Variation within the glycoprotein B gene of human cytomegalovirus is due to homologous recombination.

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