Cytological Analyses in â€˜Niagara Brancaâ€™ Grape and in  Its Somatic Mutant â€˜Niagara Rosadaâ€™

Pierozzi, Neiva Izabel; Moura, Mara Fernandes

doi:10.15835/nbha4229540

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…Laggard and nonoriented chromosomes could also have contributed to an uneven chromosomal distribution among some tetrad microspores which in turn may have affected the percentage of pollen fertility. It is interesting that the highest percentage of pollen mother cells with abnormalities and a high percentage of chromosome stickiness observed in the parental 'Rosada' (21.05%) by Pierozzi and Moura (2014) were not strong enough to affect neither the percentage of normal tetrads (99.65%) nor the pollen fertility (93.45%).…”

Section: Results Results Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meiotic behavior of two grapevine somatic mutants with ornamental potential

Pierozzi

Moura

2023

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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‘Niagara Steck’ and ‘Niagara Variegada’ are two grapevine varieties that arose spontaneously as somatic mutants of ‘Niagara Rosada’. Berries characterize ‘Niagara Steck’ at young stages exhibiting a remarkable brown reticulated structure on the epidermis which develops into a brown-bronze russet-like structure as the berries ripe. The mature berries have strongly acidic flesh. ‘Niagara Variegada’ shows notable variegation in leaves and berries. Meiotic studies were carried out to ascertain if the mutant phenotypes could be related to any change in chromosome number, structure or other irregularity. Floral buds of both varieties at different developmental stages were collected and fixed for cytological analyses. Chromosome counts at diakinesis/metaphase I showed n=19 bivalents for both varieties. Univalent, trivalent, tetravalent chromosomes or chain configuration were not recorded ruling out the possibility of any alteration in the chromosome number or structure in both mutant varieties. However, low percentages of meiotic irregularities were recorded such as chromosome stickiness, laggards, non-oriented chromosomes, precocious chromosome segregation, tetrads with one microcyte, microspore fusion, and tetrad degeneration. The total percentage of abnormalities was higher in ‘Niagara Variegada’ (19.68%) than in ‘Niagara Steck’ (14.40%) which may have contributed to a lower percentage of pollen fertility (79.80%) when compared to ‘Steck’ (90.74%). The aforementioned varieties can be propagated by hardwood cuttings and constitute an interesting option for ornamentation of home backyards, patios, and gardens with the advantage that ‘Niagara Variegada’ bearing sweet edible berries.

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Section: Results Results Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meiotic behavior of two grapevine somatic mutants with ornamental potential

Pierozzi

Moura

2023

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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Nucleolar activity and physical location of ribosomal DNA loci in Vitis vinifera L. by silver staining and sequential FISH

Castro

Carvalho

Pavia

et al. 2018

Scientia Horticulturae

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Cytological abnormalities during pollen development in interspecific hybrids of Nicotiana

et al. 2020

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Nicotiana alata is resistant to Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and of great value in breeding. However, hybrid sterility constrains the application of interspecific genetic resources. Previously, we obtained interspecific hybrids between a cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) line of Nicotiana tabacum and N. alata, some of which were pollen sterile. In the present research, we studied the cytological abnormalities during pollen development in sterile hybrids (F1-D) by comparing pollen development with that in fertile hybrids (F1-S) from the same cross. Transmission electron microscopy and DiI staining showed that the membrane structures of microspores and pollen in F1-D sterile hybrids were impaired. Carbol fuchsin staining revealed that cytomixis, chromosome loss and asymmetric callose wall formation occurred with high frequency in the microsporocytes and microspores of the sterile hybrids. The cytoplasm and nucleus were lost in the microspores and pollen of sterile hybrids, leading to mature pollen grains that were vacuous and collapsed in the aperture region. In addition, delayed tapetum degradation was detected in the anther of sterile hybrids, and sporopollenin was deposited in the aperture region. Impaired membrane structures of microspores and pollen in F1-D sterile hybrids affected the integrity of the cells, and might be associated with chromosome, nuclear and cytoplasm loss, vacuous pollen, and sterility in F1-D hybrids. Abnormal tapetum degradation in the anther and irregular sporopollenin deposition in the pollen wall of the F1-D sterile hybrids might also be related to the pollen sterility. This study deepens our understanding of the cytological mechanisms of hybrid sterility, and may facilitate the application of TSWV-resistant resources in cultivated Nicotiana species through hybrid fertility restoration and backcross breeding.

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Cytological Analyses in â€˜Niagara Brancaâ€™ Grape and in Its Somatic Mutant â€˜Niagara Rosadaâ€™

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Meiotic behavior of two grapevine somatic mutants with ornamental potential

Meiotic behavior of two grapevine somatic mutants with ornamental potential

Nucleolar activity and physical location of ribosomal DNA loci in Vitis vinifera L. by silver staining and sequential FISH

Cytological abnormalities during pollen development in interspecific hybrids of Nicotiana

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