Cytologic follow up of Low-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions in Pap smears after integrated treatment with antimicrobials followed by oral turmeric oil extract

Abstract

Cervical cancer is preventable because the carcinogenesis is slow and there are opportunities to detect precancerous lesions by Papanicolaou (Pap) smears, colposcopy, or HPV DNA tests and to treat them by antimicrobials, surgery or cold CO2 vapourization. We have earlier reported on the chemopreventive potential of integrated treatment with antimicrobials therapy followed by a standardized oral Turmeric Oil (TO) extract upto 12 weeks in women who had persistent Low-grade Squamous Intra-epithelial Lesion (LSIL) in their Pap smears. In this communication we report their post-therapy follow up for 36 months (N = 18) with Pap smears. We were also able to follow up for 36 months control cases (N = 10) who had only standard therapy with antimicrobials.During 36 months of follow up none of the cases with integrated treatment, progressed to HSIL or cancer. Out of 15/18 cases which had a regression of Pap smear, all 15 remained free of LSIL from 6 to 36 months post-therapy showing persistent therapeutic effect of integrated therapy. In one case there was recurrence of LSIL in Pap smear, ten months post-therapy, which regressed to mild atypia after a second course of oral TO for 8 weeks.In the control group, persistence of LSIL after antimicrobials was observed in Pap smears in 5/10 cases when followed up by Pap smears up to 36 months. This preliminary report indicates some post-therapeutic benefit with integrative treatment as compared to the use of antimicrobials alone. A large scale controlled study is warranted.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a standardized Curcuma longa Linn formulation in cervical cancer

“…It also reduced serum IL-6 levels in some cases indicating possible inhibition of NFkβ activity as reported by other authors [ 27 , 41 , 42 ]. Out of these, 10 cases were available for follow-up by Pap smears/colposcopy from 6 to 36 months and none progressed to high grade lesion up to 3 years after discontinuation of treatment [ 28 ]. In another recent clinical study by our group, a different standardised oral extract of turmeric (Haldone® 600 mg BD) with curcumin, turmeric oil, and curcuma polysaccharides, was evaluated in women with cervical LSIL.…”

“…This formulation NBFR-03 contains supercritical extract of turmeric oil (SCTOE) which is a by-product of curcumin extraction, manufactured and standardised in collaboration with our centre, and coded by Nisarga Biotech Private Ltd (NBPL). Further, NBFR-03 was evaluated for chemopreventive activity and safety in women with Low - Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (LSIL), a pre-cancerous condition for cervical cancer [ 27 , 28 ]. The data presented in this article is a part of paraclinical studies of above-mentioned formulation carried out during the year 2009 which remained unpublished [ 29 ].…”

Spatial variation of volatile organic compounds and antioxidant activity of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) essential oils harvested from four provinces of China

“…In this regard, turmeric rhizome contains two major classes of secondary metabolites: phenolic curcuminoids and essential oils (EOs) ( Stanojevic et al, 2015 ; Tosati et al, 2018 ). In addition to the curcuminoids, EOs from turmeric mainly consists of aromatic compounds and aliphatic terpenes, which are considered to have significant biological activities including antioxidant ( Avanço et al, 2017 ), antibacterial ( Avanço et al, 2017 ; Hu et al, 2017 ; Li et al, 2019 ), anti-inflammatory ( Akinyemi et al, 2018 ; Toden et al, 2017 ), anticancer ( Cheng et al, 2012 ; Joshi et al, 2016 ; Kim et al, 2013 ), anti-hyperlipidemic ( Ling et al, 2012 ; V. Singh et al, 2013 ) and antidiabetic role ( Lekshmi et al, 2012 ; Shinichi et al, 2006 ; Tozo et al, 2005 ). In this case, hundreds of compounds have been identified from the turmeric essential oils (TEOs); however, the major components are ar -Turmerone, α-Turmerone, β-Turmerone, ar -Curcumene, and Curlone, followed by notable amounts of α-Zingiberene, α-Bisabolene, ar -Turmerol, β-Phellandrene, α-Phellandrene, α-Terpinene, r-Terpinene, Terpinolene, α-Sesquiphellandrene, β-Sesquiphellandrene, 1,8-Cineole, Caryophyllene oxide, and β-Bisabolene ( Akinyemi et al, 2018 ; Avanço et al, 2017 ; B, Kottarapat, & Ramadasan, 2011 ; Hwang et al, 2016 ; Kutti Gounder and Lingamallu, 2012 ; Naveen Kumar et al, 2016 ; Oyemitan et al, 2017 ; Stanojevic et al, 2015 ).…”