Cytologic evidence for mechanisms of K+ transport and genesis of Hensen bodies and subsurface cisternae in outer hair cells

Spicer, Samuel S.; Thomopoulos, George N.; Schulte, Bradley A.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0185(199805)251:1<97::aid-ar15>3.0.co;2-6

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…On the other hand, the extremely long retention of gentamicin-like antigens at this site (Hiel et al 1992a; present study) suggests that gentamicin may be sequestered here and perhaps protected from degradation and that gentamicin bound here need not be fatal to OHCs. The structure of the infracuticular zone has recently been well documented and termed the ''canalicular reticulum'' (Spicer et al 1998). The long-term apparent association of gentamicin with this organelle in OHCs may be coincidental, as suggested by the presence of similar organelles in numerous other cochlear cells that do not retain gentamicin (Spicer and Schulte 1997).…”

Section: Hair Cell Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Gentamicin in the Guinea Pig Inner Ear after Local or Systemic Application

Imamura

Adams

2003

JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngolog

110

112

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Uptake and retention of gentamicin by cells in the guinea pig inner ear after a single peritoneal injection or local application on the round window were investigated using immunocytochemistry to localize the drug. The cells that accumulated the drug under the two conditions were the same, but staining for the drug was more intense and was often accompanied by widespread cochlear degeneration following local application. Soon after drug administration by either route, there was diffuse staining for the drug throughout all tissue within the labyrinth, including bone. At later times when distinct cell staining became evident, virtually all cell types were found to be positive, with several cell types staining more darkly for the drug than hair cells, indicating that hair cells were not the most avid in accumulating gentamicin. The infracuticular portion of auditory and vestibular hair cells as well as type III fibrocytes of the spiral ligament were positively stained in almost all cases and these sites were found to be positive for as long as six months post administration. In animals with loss of the organ of Corti, there was unusually intense staining for gentamicin in root cells of the spiral ligament, in marginal cells of the stria vascularis, and in cells of the spiral limbus. Dark staining of surviving cells in cases with overt tissue destruction suggests that variability in the extent of damage caused by the drug was determined more by the degree of its local uptake than by differences in animals' capacities to metabolize the drug systemically. The present results show that gentamicin may damage or destroy all cochlear cells following a single round window application. The findings broaden the scope of our knowledge of cochlear gentamicin uptake and damage and have implications for treatment of patients with vestibular disorders by infusion of aminoglycosides into the middle ear, as well as implications for prospects of rehabilitating patients that have been deafened by aminoglycosides.

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Section: Hair Cell Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Gentamicin in the Guinea Pig Inner Ear after Local or Systemic Application

Imamura

Adams

2003

JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngolog

110

112

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“…The TCs of the chinchilla contrasted markedly with those of the gerbil in that they lacked fimbriae on their undersurface and were filled with a dense cytosolic network of canaliculi (Figs. 9 and 10) that resembled the canalicular reticulum of other cochlear cells (Spicer and Schulte, 1997; Spicer et al, 1998, 1999a,b, 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Ultrastructure indicative of ion transport in tectal, Deiters, and tunnel cells: Differences between gerbil and chinchilla basal and apical cochlea

2003

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Ultrastructural examination revealed an epithelium of about five tectal cells (TCs) roofing the outer tunnel (OT) in the mid to upper, but not the basal, region of gerbil and chinchilla cochlea. Structures in TCs that are apparently specialized for retrieval of K ϩ released into tunnel fluid from outer hair cells (OHCs) include surface fimbriae in the gerbil and canalicular reticulum in the chinchilla. A tunnel roof of organelle-rich TCs appeared to be better equipped for ion resorption than a roof composed of organelle-poor Hensen cells (HCs). Fimbriae, filopodia, and the cell body of TCs descended to contact the third Deiters cell (DC3) in the gerbil, and the hypertrophied DC3 phalanx rose to contact TCs in the chinchilla, which suggests a solute exchange between TCs and DCs. Previously unrecognized structures that are speculated to provide ATP ligand for cochlear purinoreceptors occurred in the chinchilla DC and gerbil TC. The observation of a microtubule stalk in DCs indicated that they also function in cochlear mechanics. A newly delineated lateral tunnel cell (LTC) intervened between the DC3 and HC in both species. The apicomedial plasmalemma of all DCs fitted closely to the base of OHCs and enveloped afferent nerves. The morphologic specializations reported here provide further support for the proposed transcellular lateral flow route for K ϩ currents generated by sound exposure and neural activity. The previously demonstrated expansion of Boettcher cells, outer sulcus cell roots, type Il and IV fibrocytes, and apical microvilli on HCs and Claudius cells (CCs) in the base of the cochlea is postulated here to mediate a basal parallel current that could supply the increased K ϩ transport required for the basally elevated electric potential

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“…Since then, the OsFeCN technique (with different modi®cations) has been used mainly for membrane, as well as glycogen staining (e.g. Neiss, 1984;de Groot, Veldman & Huizing, 1987;Spicer, Thomopoulos & Schulte, 1998). This is the ®rst time OsFeCN has been used for the detection of glycogen in the salivary glands of Drosophila.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycogen distribution in the larval salivary gland cells during the development ofDrosophila melanogasterandDrosophila auraria: an ultrastructural cytochemical study

et al. 2000

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In this study, glycogen distribution during the development of larval salivary glands in two Drosophila species (D. melanogaster and D. auraria) was examined using the osmium tetroxide±potassium ferrocyanide technique at the ultrastructural level. Glycogen particles are found in big clumps in the salivary gland cells of D. melanogaster during the early third instar, mainly at the basal part of the cells; they are also found as scattered particles in the cytoplasm and very close to the apical plasma membrane during the secretory activity at this developmental stage. During the middle third instar, where the production of`glue' secretory granules begins, glycogen particles are mainly scattered and they are seen near the Golgi complexes and secretory granules. No glycogen particles are seen during the late third instar and secretion of`glue' secretory granules. Re-formation of glycogen begins after spiracle eversion. In the larval salivary gland cells of D. auraria, glycogen particles (scattered and in clumps) are seen in every developmental stage. In the larval fat body cells of both species, many huge clumps of glycogen particles are seen, independent of the developmental stage. These results indicate that glycogen provides an important source of energy during development of Drosophila salivary glands, but different species use glycogen at different metabolic pathways, according to their needs.

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Cytologic evidence for mechanisms of K+ transport and genesis of Hensen bodies and subsurface cisternae in outer hair cells

Cited by 32 publications

References 38 publications

Distribution of Gentamicin in the Guinea Pig Inner Ear after Local or Systemic Application

Distribution of Gentamicin in the Guinea Pig Inner Ear after Local or Systemic Application

Ultrastructure indicative of ion transport in tectal, Deiters, and tunnel cells: Differences between gerbil and chinchilla basal and apical cochlea

Glycogen distribution in the larval salivary gland cells during the development ofDrosophila melanogasterandDrosophila auraria: an ultrastructural cytochemical study

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