Cytolethal distending toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains causing severe diarrhoea in young Mexican children

Meza-Segura, Mario; Zaidi, Mussaret B.; Maldonado-Puga, Samantha; Huerta-Cantillo, Jazmín; Chavez-Dueñas, Lucia; Navarro-Garcı́a, Fernando; Estrada-García, Teresa

doi:10.1099/jmmcr.0.005079

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Our results revealed a low incidence of CDT-producing E. coli among human gastroenteritis patients. These findings are similar to larger studies on patients in Korea and Mexico, which yielded CDT E. coli prevalence of 2.7% of 336 patients and 1% of 1060 patients, respectively (4,18). Despite the low proportion of human cases of CDT-producing E. coli among these studies, our results indicate risk of CDT-producing E. coli from retail meats, food processing areas, and livestock.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Detection of cytolethal distending toxin and other virulent factors in Escherichia coli samples from animal livestock, retail foods and gastroenteritis human cases in Qatar

Gómez¹,

Valenzuela²,

Peters³

et al. 2020

JFSH

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Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) is a heterotrimeric AB-type genotoxin produced by several clinically important bacterial pathogens. To better understand the risk of CDT within the food supply and human gastroenteritis patients in Qatar, we investigated the frequency of the CDT gene (cdtB) among Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains recovered from food products, animal livestock, and human gastroenteritis patients. In this cross-sectional study, E. coli isolates were screened for cdtB using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). cdtB positive strains were further examined for E. coli cdtB gene types (cdt I, cdt II, cdt III, cdt IV and cdtV), serotypes O157: H7, and non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145. Screening for other virulent factors, stx (Shiga toxin gene) and eae (gene that encodes intimin) genes were also performed. The cdtB gene was detected in E. coli isolates sourced from all three groups; animal livestock (17%), retail foods (8%), and human gastroenteritis patients (3%). Although the incidence of cdtB gene harboring E. coli is relatively low among gastroenteritis patients, there is still a risk of infection from animal reservoirs as well as retail food products. Among the three groups, E. coli isolates from humans had the lowest occurrence of cdtB, stx, eae, and O157: H7. Furthermore, we advise implementing monitoring at the food production and preparation level.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Detection of cytolethal distending toxin and other virulent factors in Escherichia coli samples from animal livestock, retail foods and gastroenteritis human cases in Qatar

Gómez¹,

Valenzuela²,

Peters³

et al. 2020

JFSH

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“…and compare it with the cdt of other bacterial species, and also identify the Klebsiella species by biochemical and molecular methods in this way to know what Klebsiella species is positive to pks or cdt. Notably, cdt was the most prevalent cyclomodulin in this study; despite the relationship between cdt and DNA damage, this toxin has also been related to serious cases of diarrhea in Mexican subjects due to E. coli [30,31]. However, we found an association of cdt with non-DECs, but recent work indicates that non-DECs with supplementary virulence genes have high levels of virulence, and are capable of producing diarrhea [32].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Prevalence of Cyclomodulin-Positive E. coli and Klebsiella spp. Strains in Mexican Patients with Colon Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance

et al. 2021

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Colon diseases, such as colorectal cancer (CRC), are multifactor diseases that affect more than one million people per year; recently, the microbiota has been associated with an etiologic factor, specifically bacterial cyclomodulin positivity (CM+). Unfortunately, there are no studies from Mexico that detail the presence of bacterial CM+ in patients with colon diseases. We therefore performed a comprehensive study to investigate the associations and prevalence of cyclomodulin-positive Diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC), non-DEC, and Klebsiella spp. strains isolated from Mexican subjects with colon diseases. In this work, we analyzed 43 biopsies, 87 different bacteria were isolated, and E. coli was the most frequently noted, followed by Klebsiella spp., and Enterococcus spp. E. coli, non-DEC, and EPEC belonging to phylogroup B2 were the most prevalent. More than 80% of E. coli and Klebsiella were CM+. pks, cdt, cnf, and cif were identified. cdt was associated with non-DEC, cif and its combinations with EPEC, as well as cdt and psk with Klebsiella. Lastly, all the CM+ bacteria were resistant to at least one antibiotic (34% were MDR, and 48% XDR). In conclusion, the high prevalence of bacterial CM+ in colon disease patients suggests that these bacteria play an important role in the genesis of these diseases.

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“…Similarly, none of the samples of patients with IBS and gastroenteritis, and healthy people were positive for cdtB of E. coli and P. alcalifacience. In a study by Meza-Segura et al, out of 1306 young children with acute diarrhea, cdt encoding E. coli strains detected in 1% of the patients [34]. In another study, cdtB gene were found in 1.4% of 366 E. coli strains isolated from stool specimens of patients with acute diarrhea in Calcutta, India [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Carriage of Cdt-B Encoding Campylobacter spp., Salmonellaenterica, and Yersinia entercolitica in Patients with Gastroenteritis, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, and Controls

Ganji¹,

Shirazi

Alebouyeh

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Cytolethal distending toxin (Cdt) is one of the bacterial toxins that present in a variety of Gram-negative human pathogens, such as E. coli, Salmonella spp., and Campylobacter spp. CDT composed of three subunits encoded by three adjacent genes, including cdtA, cdtB and cdtC. It is approved that cdtB had toxic activity and caused DNA damage of the host cell. Despite its presence in different bacterial species, role of Cdt in acute and chronic infections, such as gastroenteritis and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), is unclear. To analyze this correlation, we studied the prevalence of cdtB among different enteropathogenic bacteria in patients with gastroenteritis and IBS compared with healthy people. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 230 stool samples were collected from patients with gastroenteritis, IBS, and healthy people. The presence of Cdt-B encoding bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Campylobacter spp., Yersinia entercolitica, Providencia alkalifacience, and Salmonella enterica was examined by polymerase chain reaction. Demographic data and type of disease was collected through interview and a questionnaire.Results: Out of 230 stool samples, Cdt-B encoding Campylobacter spp. were found in 34.6% (52/150), 6.25% (5/80), and 4% (2/50) of the patients with gastroenteritis, IBS, and the control group, respectively. Carriage of Cdt-B encoding Salmonella enterica was characterized among 5.3% (8/150) of the patients with gastroenteritis and 17.5% (14/80) of the IBS patients. Although none of the patients carried cdtB of E. coli and Providencia spp., cdtB of Y. enterocolitica was detected in 1 of the patients with gastroenteritis (0.6%). Statistical analysis showed significant correlation between infection with CdtB-encoding Campylobacter spp. and IBS-D subtype. No significant correlation was found between infection with Cdt-B encoding bacteria, and other clinical and demographic data.Conclusions: Our results confirmed relatively higher frequency of Cdt-B encoding bacteria in the intestine of IBS patients and those with gastroenteritis compared with healthy individuals. Regarding the frequency of Cdt-B encoding Salmonella and Campylobacter bacteria, it was proposed that infection with these enteropathogens could be considered as a risk factor for the development or progression of IBS among the Iranian patients. Further studies are needed to establish this involvement.

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Cytolethal distending toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains causing severe diarrhoea in young Mexican children

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Detection of cytolethal distending toxin and other virulent factors in Escherichia coli samples from animal livestock, retail foods and gastroenteritis human cases in Qatar

Detection of cytolethal distending toxin and other virulent factors in Escherichia coli samples from animal livestock, retail foods and gastroenteritis human cases in Qatar

Prevalence of Cyclomodulin-Positive E. coli and Klebsiella spp. Strains in Mexican Patients with Colon Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance

Carriage of Cdt-B Encoding Campylobacter spp., Salmonellaenterica, and Yersinia entercolitica in Patients with Gastroenteritis, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, and Controls

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