Cytolethal distending toxin (CLDT) production by enteropathogenic Eschrichia coli (EPEC)

Bouzari, Saeid; Varghese, A

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb03821.x

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These results clearly show that CDT production is not limited to EPEC strains, as some epidemiological studies have suggested (1,2,6,17).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…The culture filtrates of CDT-producing E. coli strains induced characteristic morphological changes, and the distended cells died in 3 to 4 days (23). CDT production was reported from various serotypes of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (2,6,17) and from several bacterial species of medical importance (10,26,32,37). The CDTs induce the formation of giant mononucleated cells of sensitive eukaryotic cell lines and block the cell cycle in G 2 phase (3,30).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Production of Cytolethal Distending Toxins by Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Human and Animal Sources: Establishment of the Existence of a New cdt Variant (Type IV)

et al. 2003

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Three types of cytolethal distending toxin (CDT), namely, CDT-I, CDT-II, and CDT-III, have been described in Escherichia coli. Using primers designed for the detection of sequences common to the cdtB genes, we analyzed by PCR a set of 21 CDT-producing E. coli strains of intestinal and extraintestinal origins isolated from human and different animal species in several European countries and in the United States. On the basis of the existing differences in the cdtB genes, cdt-I-, cdt-II-, and cdt-III-specific primer pairs were designed and used for cdt typing. These new primers successfully differentiated all of the previously described cdt genes. Six strains proved to be cdt-I; eight strains proved to be cdt-III. However, none of the type I-, II-, and III-specific primers generated amplicons from six CDT ؉ strains, suggesting the existence of a new cdt variant. Sequence analysis of the amplicons from two untypeable genes confirmed the existence of a new cdt variant that we called cdt-IV. Using the new specific primers, cdt-IV was detected in human, porcine, and poultry strains of intestinal and extraintestinal origins. To validate all sets of cdt specific primers, a group of 353 human E. coli strains isolated in Hungary was then investigated for the presence of cdt genes. This included 190 strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTI), 51 strains isolated from other (nonurinary) extraintestinal infections, and 112 intestinal strains isolated from healthy individuals. Of 190 UTI strains, 15 (7.9%) had cdt genes. Of 51 non-UTI extraintestinal strains 3 (5.9%) contained the cdt gene, and 1 (0.9%) of 112 healthy intestinal strains was PCR positive. Five strains proved to be cdt-I, and fourteen strains proved to be cdt-IV. The CDT-producing extraintestinal strains belonged to a wide variety of serogroups, including O2, O6, O75, and O170. In conclusion, we have developed a new PCR typing system for CDT able to detect a new CDT variant present in pathogenic E. coli strains obtained from animals and humans.Cytolethal distending toxins (CDT) represent an emerging and unique toxin family (12, 33). CDT was first described in Escherichia coli by Johnson and Lior (22). The culture filtrates of CDT-producing E. coli strains induced characteristic morphological changes, and the distended cells died in 3 to 4 days (23). CDT production was reported from various serotypes of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (2, 6, 17) and from several bacterial species of medical importance (10,26,32,37). The CDTs induce the formation of giant mononucleated cells of sensitive eukaryotic cell lines and block the cell cycle in G 2 phase (3, 30). The block is due to the maintenance of mitosis promoting factor in an inactive form (9, 30).Molecular genetic studies of CDT-producing E. coli strains were conducted in three different laboratories. Scott and Kaper (34) (28). In all of these cases, it was established that CDT was encoded by three adjacent or slightly overlapping genes, cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC, all of which were required ...

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“…These results clearly show that CDT production is not limited to EPEC strains, as some epidemiological studies have suggested (1,2,6,17).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Cytolethal Distending Toxins by Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Human and Animal Sources: Establishment of the Existence of a New cdt Variant (Type IV)

et al. 2003

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“…In fact, in a survey of CDT production by EPEC serogroups O55, O86, O119, O126, O127 and O142, Guth et al (1994) found that only O86:H34 strains produced CDT. CDT producing strains have been reported among E. coli strains isolated in Canada and India, although in one of these studies serotyping was not performed (Bouzari et al 1990) and in the other one, a single CDT positive strain of serotype O86:H34 was found (Johnson & Lior 1988a). A significant percentage of CDT producing strains belonging to the same serotype has not been reported so far.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Production of cytolethal distending toxin and other virulence characteristics of Escherichia coli strains of serogroup O86

Ghilardi

Gomes

Trabulsi

2001

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…However, none of the virulence genes except for the astA gene were detected by PCR and DNA probes ( Table 2). Although there are several reports regarding the isolation of Cdt-producing E. coli from diarrheal patients in developing countries (1,2,4,9,14,15,17), little is known about the incidence of Cdt-produing E. coli in diarrheal cases in developed countries including Japan (3,10,20,22). To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the possible association of Cdt-producing E. coli from a diarrheal patient, particularly from a bloody diarrheal case, in Japan.…”

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confidence: 90%

Cytolethal Distending Toxin (Cdt)‐Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from a Child with Bloody Diarrhea in Japan

Hinenoya

Nagita

Asakura

et al. 2007

Microbiology and Immunology

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Cytolethal distending toxin (CLDT) production by enteropathogenic Eschrichia coli (EPEC)

Cited by 42 publications

References 15 publications

Production of Cytolethal Distending Toxins by Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Human and Animal Sources: Establishment of the Existence of a New cdt Variant (Type IV)

Production of Cytolethal Distending Toxins by Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Human and Animal Sources: Establishment of the Existence of a New cdt Variant (Type IV)

Production of cytolethal distending toxin and other virulence characteristics of Escherichia coli strains of serogroup O86

Cytolethal Distending Toxin (Cdt)‐Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from a Child with Bloody Diarrhea in Japan

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