Cytokinin response factors integrate auxin and cytokinin pathways for female reproductive organ development

Cucinotta, Mara; Manrique, Silvia; Guazzotti, Andrea; Quadrelli, Nadia E.; Mendes, Marta Adelina; Benková, Eva; Colombo, Lucia

doi:10.1242/dev.143545

Cited by 58 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Bencivenga et al () suggested that, in Arabidopsis , this relationship is achieved through the cytokinin‐dependent regulation of PIN1 expression; PIN1 levels are reduced in cre1‐12 ahk2‐2 ahk3‐3 triple mutants, whereas treatment with exogenous cytokinin increases PIN1 expression. Consistent with this finding, triple mutants of the cytokinin response factor 2 ( crf2 ) crf3 crf6 (Cucinotta et al ) show a reduced number of ovules and lower PIN1 expression. In roots, the CRFs modulate PIN1 expression by binding to a specific PIN CYTOKININ RESPONSE ELEMENT ( PCRE ) in the PIN1 promoter (Šimášková et al ).…”

Section: The Role Of Auxin In Ovule Formationmentioning

confidence: 70%

Translating auxin responses into ovules, seeds and yield: Insight from Arabidopsis and the cereals

Shirley

Aubert

Wilkinson

et al. 2019

JIPB

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Grain production in cereal crops depends on the stable formation of male and female gametes in the flower. In most angiosperms, the female gamete is produced from a germline located deep within the ovary, protected by several layers of maternal tissue, including the ovary wall, ovule integuments and nucellus. In the field, germline formation and floret fertility are major determinants of yield potential, contributing to traits such as seed number, weight and size. As such, stimuli affecting the timing and duration of reproductive phases, as well as the viability, size and number of cells within reproductive organs can significantly impact yield. One key stimulant is the phytohormone auxin, which influences growth and morphogenesis of female tissues during gynoecium development, gametophyte formation, and endosperm cellularization. In this review we consider the role of the auxin signaling pathway during ovule and seed development, first in the context of Arabidopsis and then in the cereals. We summarize the gene families involved and highlight distinct expression patterns that suggest a range of roles in reproductive cell specification and fate. This is discussed in terms of seed production and how targeted modification of different tissues might facilitate improvements.

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Section: The Role Of Auxin In Ovule Formationmentioning

confidence: 70%

Translating auxin responses into ovules, seeds and yield: Insight from Arabidopsis and the cereals

Shirley

Aubert

Wilkinson

et al. 2019

JIPB

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“…Increases in cytokinin levels, in response to reduced expression of a CKX gene, have been linked to increases in grain yield in indica rice varieties (Ashikari et al, 2005), and the disruption of CKX genes in Arabidopsis leads to increased seed yield (Bartrina et al, 2011). Cytokinins also play a role in regulating leaf phyllotaxy (Besnard et al, 2014), gynoecium development (Cucinotta et al, 2016;Marsch-Martínez et al, 2012;Müller et al, 2017;Sehra and Franks, 2015), female gametophyte development (Cheng et al, 2013;Yuan et al, 2016) and vascular cambial development (Immanen et al, 2016;Nieminen et al, 2008). In contrast to their role in promoting growth of the shoot, cytokinins inhibit root growth, in part by promoting cell differentiation in the root apical meristem (Dello Ioio et al, 2012;Moubayidin et al, 2010;Werner et al, 2001) and by regulating root branching (Chang et al, 2013(Chang et al, , 2015.…”

Section: Cytokinin Functions In Plant Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokinin signaling in plant development

2018

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The phytohormone cytokinin plays diverse roles in plant development, influencing many agriculturally important processes, including growth, nutrient responses and the response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Cytokinin levels in plants are regulated by biosynthesis and inactivation pathways. Cytokinins are perceived by membrane-localized histidine-kinase receptors and are transduced through a His-Asp phosphorelay to activate a family of transcription factors in the nucleus. Here, and in the accompanying poster, we summarize the current understanding of cytokinin metabolism, transport and signaling, and discuss how this phytohormone regulates changes in gene expression to mediate its pleiotropic effects.

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“…In addition, cytokinin's activation of PIN1 in ovules has been linked to the PCRE domain, and multiple CRF mutants have reduced seed-set (Rashotte et al, 2006;Bencivenga et al, 2012;Cucinotta et al, 2016). Therefore, it is plausible that cytokinin could regulate PIN7 and possibly PIN3 by a similar mechanism via CRF transcription factors during gynoecial primordium initiation.…”

Section: Cytokinin Signaling Differentially Regulates Pin Expression mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokinin-Auxin Crosstalk in the Gynoecial Primordium Ensures Correct Domain Patterning

et al. 2017

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The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) gynoecium consists of two congenitally fused carpels made up of two lateral valve domains and two medial domains, which retain meristematic properties and later fuse to produce the female reproductive structures vital for fertilization. Polar auxin transport (PAT) is important for setting up distinct apical auxin signaling domains in the early floral meristem remnants allowing for lateral domain identity and outgrowth. Crosstalk between auxin and cytokinin plays an important role in the development of other meristematic tissues, but hormone interaction studies to date have focused on more accessible later-stage gynoecia and the spatiotemporal interactions pivotal for patterning of early gynoecium primordia remain unknown. Focusing on the earliest stages, we propose a cytokinin-auxin feedback model during early gynoecium patterning and hormone homeostasis. Our results suggest that cytokinin positively regulates auxin signaling in the incipient gynoecial primordium and strengthen the concept that cytokinin regulates auxin homeostasis during gynoecium development. Specifically, medial cytokinin promotes auxin biosynthesis components [YUCCA1/4 (YUC1/4)] in, and PINFORMED7 (PIN7)-mediated auxin efflux from, the medial domain. The resulting laterally focused auxin signaling triggers ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE PHOSPHOTRANSFER PROTEIN6 (AHP6), which then represses cytokinin signaling in a PAT-dependent feedback. Cytokinin also down-regulates PIN3, promoting auxin accumulation in the apex. The yuc1, yuc4, and ahp6 mutants are hypersensitive to exogenous cytokinin and 1-napthylphthalamic acid (NPA), highlighting their role in mediolateral gynoecium patterning. In summary, these mechanisms self-regulate cytokinin and auxin signaling domains, ensuring correct domain specification and gynoecium development.

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Cytokinin response factors integrate auxin and cytokinin pathways for female reproductive organ development

Cited by 58 publications

References 31 publications

Translating auxin responses into ovules, seeds and yield: Insight from Arabidopsis and the cereals

Translating auxin responses into ovules, seeds and yield: Insight from Arabidopsis and the cereals

Cytokinin signaling in plant development

Cytokinin-Auxin Crosstalk in the Gynoecial Primordium Ensures Correct Domain Patterning

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