Cytokinin-Regulated Expression of Arabidopsis thaliana PAP Genes and Its Implication for the Expression of Chloroplast-Encoded Genes

Андреева, А. А.; Vaňková, Radomı́ra; Bychkov, Ivan A.; Kudryakova, N. V.; Данилова, М. Н.; Lacek, Jozef; Pojidaeva, E. S.; Kusnetsov, V. V.

doi:10.3390/biom10121658

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…CGA1 is also known to act in an additive manner to GLK1 and both together represent a major regulatory hub of chloroplast biogenesis with GLKs likely acting down-stream of GNCs [ 53 , 54 ]. A recent study revealed that pap mutants overproduce cytokinins [ 55 ]. We regard it as likely that blocking of chloroplast biogenesis by LIN or NF induce similar responses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Core Module of Nuclear Genes Regulated by Biogenic Retrograde Signals from Plastids

Grübler

Cozzi

Pfannschmidt

2021

Plants

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Chloroplast biogenesis during seedling development of angiosperms is a rapid and highly dynamic process that parallels the light-dependent photomorphogenic programme. Pre-treatments of dark-grown seedlings with lincomyin or norflurazon prevent chloroplast biogenesis upon illumination yielding albino seedlings. A comparable phenotype was found for the Arabidopsis mutant plastid-encoded polymerase associated protein 7 (pap7) being defective in the prokaryotic-type plastid RNA polymerase. In all three cases the defect in plastid function has a severe impact on the expression of nuclear genes representing the influence of retrograde signaling pathway(s) from the plastid. We performed a meta-analysis of recently published genome-wide expression studies that investigated the impact of the aforementioned chemical and genetic blocking of chloroplast biogenesis on nuclear gene expression profiles. We identified a core module of 152 genes being affected in all three conditions. These genes were classified according to their function and analyzed with respect to their implication in retrograde signaling and chloroplast biogenesis. Our study uncovers novel genes regulated by retrograde biogenic signals and suggests the action of a common signaling pathway that is used by signals originating from plastid transcription, translation and oxidative stress.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Core Module of Nuclear Genes Regulated by Biogenic Retrograde Signals from Plastids

Grübler

Cozzi

Pfannschmidt

2021

Plants

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“…An exogenous CK treatment can greatly impact plastids' development and functioning (Cortleven and Schmülling, 2015). Gene expression analyses have corroborated this, by uncovering upregulated plastid-encoded genes upon CK treatment in Arabidopsis and barley (Brenner et al, 2005;Zubo et al, 2008;Danilova et al, 2017a,b;Andreeva et al, 2020). In Arabidopsis, upregulated plastid genes include components of cytochrome b6/f (petA) and PSII (PsbG, psbA, and psbl) (Brenner et al, 2005).…”

Section: Initiation Of Anterograde Regulation By Cksmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Both machineries consist of protein complexes encoded in the nucleus and plastids. Additionally, CK indirectly affects plastids’ gene expression by upregulating nuclear genes that encode components of their transcription machinery (i.e., phage-type RNA-polymerases, sigma factors, and plastid RNA polymerase-associated proteins; Danilova et al, 2017a ; Andreeva et al, 2020 ). These results imply that CK-coordinated gene expression activity in the nucleus and plastid provides appropriate information for balancing metabolic flows in plastids and cellular functions.…”

Section: Initiation Of Anterograde Regulation By Cksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpreting Cytokinin Action as Anterograde Signaling and Beyond

et al. 2021

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Among the major phytohormones, the cytokinin exhibits unique features for its ability to positively affect the developmental status of plastids. Even early on in its research, cytokinins were known to promote plastid differentiation and to reduce the loss of chlorophyll in detached leaves. Since the discovery of the components of cytokinin perception and primary signaling, the genes involved in photosynthesis and plastid differentiation have been identified as those directly targeted by type-B response regulators. Furthermore, cytokinins are known to modulate versatile cellular processes such as promoting the division and differentiation of cells and, in concert with auxin, initiating the de novo formation of shoot apical meristem (SAM) in tissue cultures. Yet how cytokinins precisely participate in such diverse cellular phenomena, and how the associated cellular processes are coordinated as a whole, remains unclear. A plausible presumption that would account for the coordinated gene expression is the tight and reciprocal communication between the nucleus and plastid. The fact that cytokinins affect plastid developmental status via gene expression in both the nucleus and plastid is interpreted here to suggest that cytokinin functions as an initiator of anterograde (nucleus-to-plastid) signaling. Based on this viewpoint, we first summarize the physiological relevance of cytokinins to the coordination of plastid differentiation with de novo shoot organogenesis in tissue culture systems. Next, the role of endogenous cytokinins in influencing plastid differentiation within the SAM of intact plants is discussed. Finally, a presumed plastid-derived signal in response to cytokinins for coupled nuclear gene expression is proposed.

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“…Cytokinins are known to be the major factor responsible for the expressions of genes encoding plastids and other related proteins. It is well known that CKs regulate the development of chloroplasts under various environmental conditions during different stages of plant development (Andreeva et al, 2020). These molecules regulate the expression of gene-encoding protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase enzyme having a critical role in chlorophyll synthesis.…”

Section: Role Of Cytokinins In Chloroplast Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokinin biosynthesis in cyanobacteria: Insights for crop improvement

Uniyal

Bhandari²,

Singh³

et al. 2022

Front. Genet.

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Cytokinins, a type of phytohormones that induce division of cytoplasm, have considerable value in agriculture due to their influences on several physiological processes of plants such as morphogenesis, development of chloroplast, seed dormancy, leaf senescence, etc. Previously, it was assumed that plants obtain cytokinin from the soil produced by microbes as these hormones were first discovered in soil-inhabiting bacteria i.e., Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Later, the cytokinin biosynthesis gene, i.e., ipt gene, has been reported in plants too. Though plants synthesize cytokinins, several studies have reported that the exogenous application of cytokinins has numerous beneficial effects including the acceleration of plant growth and boosting economic yield. Cyanobacteria may be employed in the soil not only as the source of cytokinins but also as the source of other plant growth-promoting metabolites. These organisms biosynthesize the cytokinins using the enzyme isopentenyl transferases (IPTs) in a fashion similar to the plants; however, there are few differences in the biosynthesis mechanism of cytokinins in cyanobacteria and plants. Cytokinins are important for the establishment of interaction between plants and cyanobacteria as evidenced by gene knockout experiments. These hormones are also helpful in alleviating the adverse effects of abiotic stresses on plant development. Cyanobacterial supplements in the field result in the induction of adventitious roots and shoots on petiolar as well as internodal segments. The leaf, root, and stem explants of certain plants exhibited successful regeneration when treated with cyanobacterial extract/cell suspension. These successful regeneration practices mark the way of cyanobacterial deployment in the field as a great move toward the goal of sustainable agriculture.

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Cytokinin-Regulated Expression of Arabidopsis thaliana PAP Genes and Its Implication for the Expression of Chloroplast-Encoded Genes

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

A Core Module of Nuclear Genes Regulated by Biogenic Retrograde Signals from Plastids

A Core Module of Nuclear Genes Regulated by Biogenic Retrograde Signals from Plastids

Interpreting Cytokinin Action as Anterograde Signaling and Beyond

Cytokinin biosynthesis in cyanobacteria: Insights for crop improvement

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