Cytokinin affects nuclear- and plastome-encoded energy-converting plastid enzymes

Kasten, B.; Buck, Friedrich; Nuske, Joachim H.; Reski, Ralf

doi:10.1007/s004250050065

Cited by 41 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…We found similar patterns of changes caused by cytokinin with respect to polypeptide complex accumulation in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts in lupine cotyledons (Kusnetsov et al, 1994). In agreement with published data (Lerbs et al, 1984;Kasten et al, 1997;Brenner et al, 2005), we observed a positive effect of BA also on the steady-state levels of chloroplast RNAs. Northern analysis detected an increase in the accumulation of rbcL and atpB transcripts after a 3-h treatment of the leaf with cytokinin (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The functional activity of this protein was shown to depend on the age of plants (Lukevich et al, 2002). Several studies indicated that cytokinin might enhance or decrease the transcript levels of certain chloroplast genes (Lerbs et al, 1984;Stabel et al, 1991;Masuda et al, 1994;Hande et al, 1996;Kasten et al, 1997;Brenner et al, 2005). In contrast, cytokinin did not affect the levels of several chloroplast mRNAs in detached lupine (Lupinus luteus) cotyledons, although it could differentially regulate the accumulation of polypeptides encoded by the corresponding genes (Kusnetsov et al, 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cytokinin Stimulates Chloroplast Transcription in Detached Barley Leaves

et al. 2008

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Chloroplasts are among the main targets of cytokinin action in the plant cell. We report here on the activation of transcription by cytokinin as detected by run-on assays with chloroplasts isolated from apical parts of first leaves detached from 9-d-old barley (Hordeum vulgare) seedlings and incubated for 3 h on a 2.2 3 10 25 M solution of benzyladenine (BA). Northern-blot analysis also detected a BA-induced increase in the accumulation of chloroplast mRNAs. A prerequisite for BA activation of chloroplast transcription was preincubation of leaves for 24 h on water in the light, resulting in a decreased chloroplast transcription and a drastic accumulation of abscisic acid. Cytokinin enhanced the transcription of several chloroplast genes above the initial level measured before BA treatment, and in the case of rrn16 and petD even before preincubation. Cytokinin effects on basal (youngest), middle, and apical (oldest) segments of primary leaves detached from plants of different ages revealed an age dependence of chloroplast gene response to BA. BA-induced stimulation of transcription of rrn16, rrn23, rps4, rps16, rbcL, atpB, and ndhC required light during the period of preincubation and was further enhanced by light during the incubation on BA, whereas activation of transcription of trnEY, rps14, rpl16, matK, petD, and petLG depended on light during both periods. Our data reveal positive and differential effects of cytokinin on the transcription of chloroplast genes that were dependent on light and on the age (developmental stage) of cells and leaves.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

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confidence: 99%

Cytokinin Stimulates Chloroplast Transcription in Detached Barley Leaves

et al. 2008

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“…Chloroplasts in wild-type rhizoids are smaller than those in protonemata and gametophores (data not shown), consistent with the notion that rhizoids are not predominant photosynthetic organs (Duckett et al, 1998). However, the structure of rhizoid plastids resembles that of chloroplasts in photosynthetic organs (Kasten et al, 1997). Rhizoid plastids possess chlorophylls, as observed by UV excitation (Fig.…”

Section: Auxin and Pphb7 Function In Rhizoid Cell Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 77%

Involvement of auxin and a homeodomain-leucine zipper I gene in rhizoid development of the mossPhyscomitrella patens

et al. 2003

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Differentiation of epidermal cells is important for plants because they are in direct contact with the environment. Rhizoids are multicellular filaments that develop from the epidermis in a wide range of plants, including pteridophytes, bryophytes, and green algae; they have similar functions to root hairs in vascular plants in that they support the plant body and are involved in water and nutrient absorption. In this study, we examined mechanisms underlying rhizoid development in the moss, Physcomitrella patens, which is the only land plant in which high-frequency gene targeting is possible. We found that rhizoid development can be split into two processes: determination and differentiation. Two types of rhizoids with distinct developmental patterns (basal and mid-stem rhizoids) were recognized. The development of basal rhizoids from epidermal cells was induced by exogenous auxin, while that of mid-stem rhizoids required an unknown factor in addition to exogenous auxin. Once an epidermal cell had acquired a rhizoid initial cell fate, expression of the homeodomain-leucine zipper I gene Pphb7 was induced. Analysis of Pphb7 disruptant lines showed that Pphb7 affects the induction of pigmentation and the increase in the number and size of chloroplasts, but not the position or number of rhizoids. This is the first report on the involvement of a homeodomain-leucine zipper I gene in epidermal cell differentiation.

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“…The CK effect on enhancement of LHCPII in the presence of EGTA was reduced somewhat in barley leaves but more strongly in cucumber cotyledons, suggesting that calcium is only partially involved in the effect of CK on the increase of LHCPII accumulation. Earlier studies demonstrated that CK may increase the steady-state mRNA level of certain chloroplast genes that depend on mRNA synthesis, processing and stability (Lerbs et al, 1984;Kasten et al, 1997). Flores and Tobin (1988) sought to verify whether CK treatment influences LHCP mRNA by increasing the rate of transcription or by decreasing the rate of mRNA turnover.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Variously Mediates the Effect of Cytokinin on Chlorophyll and LHCPII Accumulation During Greening in Barley Leaves and Cucumber Cotyledons

Legocka¹,

Sobieszczuk‐Nowicka²

2015

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia S. Botanica

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During greening, excised etiolated barley leaves and cucumber cotyledons that were depleted of exogenous Ca 2+ by a chelating agent (ethylene glycol-bis (beta aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N`N`-tetraacetic acid, EGTA) showed ~50% reduced chlorophyll (Chl) accumulation and ~30% accumulation of apoprotein of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding protein complex of photosystem II (LHCPII). The Ca 2+ channel blocker lanthanum chloride (LaCl 3 ) applied to cucumber cotyledons reduced LHCPII accumulation more than EGTA did. In both plant materials, cytokinins enhanced chlorophyll accumulation by 50-60% and this effect was completely canceled by EGTA application. Hormones significantly increased LHCPII accumulation but EGTA application reduced that effect in barley leaves by ~30% and in cucumber cotyledons by ~80%. A similar effect was observed in LaCl 3 -treated cotyledons. CaCl 2 application boosted chlorophyll accumulation in both plant materials. CaCl 2 applied together with cytokinin reduced the hormonal effect on chlorophyll accumulation by ~38% in barley leaves and 23% in cucumber cotyledons, but almost totally inhibited cytokinin-stimulated LHCPII accumulation. Our results indicate that calcium variously mediates the effect of cytokinin on chlorophyll and LHCPII accumulation. Cytokinin-induced enhancement of chlorophyll accumulation seems totally dependent on the exogenous pool of Ca 2+ , while Ca 2+ -dependent and Ca 2+ -independent pathways are involved in the hormonal effect on LHCPII accumulation. The effect of cytokinin on the increase of light-induced LHCPII accumulation appears to be sensitive to exogenously applied Ca 2+ , which almost totally blocked the hormonal effect. Our results give indirect evidence that the responses to cytokinin and light act on different events leading to Chl and LHCPII accumulation.K Ke ey y w wo or rd ds s:

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Cytokinin affects nuclear- and plastome-encoded energy-converting plastid enzymes

Cited by 41 publications

References 36 publications

Cytokinin Stimulates Chloroplast Transcription in Detached Barley Leaves

Cytokinin Stimulates Chloroplast Transcription in Detached Barley Leaves

Involvement of auxin and a homeodomain-leucine zipper I gene in rhizoid development of the mossPhyscomitrella patens

Calcium Variously Mediates the Effect of Cytokinin on Chlorophyll and LHCPII Accumulation During Greening in Barley Leaves and Cucumber Cotyledons

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