Cytokinesis: The Art of Partitioning

Jürgens, Gerd

doi:10.1105/tpc.12.6.827

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…rapid cell division and cell enlargement during the herbaceous phase and berry expansion and softening during the maturation phase) involved distinct sets of genes. A large number of cell wall-related genes was expressed at stage P (cluster 1), including those involved in cytokinesis and xylem formation, the latter required for symplastic unloading (Jürgens, 2000;Zhang et al, 2006). Cluster 1 also contained several cellulose synthase genes, including A3 (VIT_08s0007g08380), which is required for primary cell wall synthesis (Desprez et al, 2007), and other members of subfamily A, which may be involved in secondary cell wall metabolism (Taylor et al, 1999(Taylor et al, , 2000.…”

Section: Determination Of a Core Berry Development Transcriptomementioning

confidence: 99%

Ripening Transcriptomic Program in Red and White Grapevine Varieties Correlates with Berry Skin Anthocyanin Accumulation

et al. 2017

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Grapevine () berry development involves a succession of physiological and biochemical changes reflecting the transcriptional modulation of thousands of genes. Although recent studies have investigated the dynamic transcriptome during berry development, most have focused on a single grapevine variety, so there is a lack of comparative data representing different cultivars. Here, we report, to our knowledge, the first genome-wide transcriptional analysis of 120 RNA samples corresponding to 10 Italian grapevine varieties collected at four growth stages. The 10 varieties, representing five red-skinned and five white-skinned berries, were all cultivated in the same experimental vineyard to reduce environmental variability. The comparison of transcriptional changes during berry formation and ripening allowed us to determine the transcriptomic traits common to all varieties, thus defining the core transcriptome of berry development, as well as the transcriptional dynamics underlying differences between red and white berry varieties. A greater variation among the red cultivars than between red and white cultivars at the transcriptome level was revealed, suggesting that anthocyanin accumulation during berry maturation has a direct impact on the transcriptomic regulation of multiple biological processes. The expression of genes related to phenylpropanoid/flavonoid biosynthesis clearly distinguished the behavior of red and white berry genotypes during ripening but also reflected the differential accumulation of anthocyanins in the red berries, indicating some form of cross talk between the activation of stilbene biosynthesis and the accumulation of anthocyanins in ripening berries.

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Section: Determination Of a Core Berry Development Transcriptomementioning

confidence: 99%

Ripening Transcriptomic Program in Red and White Grapevine Varieties Correlates with Berry Skin Anthocyanin Accumulation

et al. 2017

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“…The mechanisms involved in cell wall initiation between non-sister nuclei in nuclear endosperm have been debated extensively [reviewed in (47,87,138)]. These walls represent an exception to the default mechanism for cell wall formation in meristematic cells of somatic tissue, where interzonal phragmoplasts facilitate formation of the wall leading to cytokinesis or cell division.…”

Section: Radial Microtubular Systems (Rms) and Alveolus Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

ENDOSPERM DEVELOPMENT: Cellularization and Cell Fate Specification

Olsen¹

2001

Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol. Plant. Mol. Biol.

339

299

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The endosperm develops from the central cell of the megagametophyte after introduction of the second male gamete into the diploid central cell. Of the three forms of endosperm in angiosperms, the nuclear type is prevalent in economically important species, including the cereals. Landmarks in nuclear endosperm development are the coenocytic, cellularization, differentiation, and maturation stages. The differentiated endosperm contains four major cell types: starchy endosperm, aleurone, transfer cells, and the cells of the embryo surrounding region. Recent research has demonstrated that the first two phases of endosperm occur via mechanisms that are conserved among all groups of angiosperms, involving directed nuclear migration during the coenocytic stage and anticlinal cell wall deposition by cytoplasmic phragmoplasts formed in interzones between radial microtubular systems emanating from nuclear membranes. Complete cellularization of the endosperm coenocyte is achieved through centripetal growth of cell files, extending to the center of the endosperm cavity. Key points in cell cycle control and control of the MT (microtubular) cytoskeletal apparatus central to endosperm development are discussed. Specification of cell fates in the cereal endosperm appears to occur via positional signaling; cells in peripheral positions, except over the main vascular tissues, assume aleurone cell fate. Cells over the main vascular tissue become transfer cells and all interior cells become starchy endosperm cells. Studies in maize have implicated Crinkly4, a protein receptor kinase-like molecule, in aleurone cell fate specification.

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Asymmetric Cell Divisions in Flowering Plants - One Mother, "Two-Many" Daughters

Ranganath

2005

Plant Biology

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Plant development shows a fascinating range of asymmetric cell divisions. Over the years, however, cellular differentiation has been interpreted mostly in terms of a mother cell dividing mitotically to produce two daughter cells of different fates. This popular view has masked the significance of an entirely different cell fate specification pathway, where the mother cell first becomes a coenocyte and then cellularizes to simultaneously produce more than two specialized daughter cells. The "one mother - two different daughters" pathways rely on spindle-assisted mechanisms, such as translocation of the nucleus/spindle to a specific cellular site and orientation of the spindle, which are coordinated with cell-specific allocation of cell fate determinants and cytokinesis. By contrast, during "coenocyte-cellularization" pathways, the spindle-assisted mechanisms are irrelevant since cell fate specification emerges only after the nuclear divisions are complete, and the number of specialized daughter cells produced depends on the developmental context. The key events, such as the formation of a coenocyte and migration of the nuclei to specific cellular locations, are coordinated with cellularization by unique types of cell wall formation. Both one mother - two different daughters and the coenocyte-cellularization pathways are used by higher plants in precise spatial and time windows during development. In both the pathways, epigenetic regulation of gene expression is crucial not only for cell fate specification but also for its maintenance through cell lineage. In this review, the focus is on the coenocyte-cellularization pathways in the context of our current understanding of the asymmetric cell divisions. Instances where cell differentiation does not involve an asymmetric division are also discussed to provide a comprehensive account of cell differentiation.

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Cytokinesis: The Art of Partitioning

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Ripening Transcriptomic Program in Red and White Grapevine Varieties Correlates with Berry Skin Anthocyanin Accumulation

Ripening Transcriptomic Program in Red and White Grapevine Varieties Correlates with Berry Skin Anthocyanin Accumulation

ENDOSPERM DEVELOPMENT: Cellularization and Cell Fate Specification

Asymmetric Cell Divisions in Flowering Plants - One Mother, "Two-Many" Daughters

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