Cytokines in the Treatment of Melanoma

Bentebibel, Salah Eddine; Diab, Adi

doi:10.1007/s11912-021-01064-4

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Interleukins and chemokines are two alternative pivotal types of inflammation-related factors in melanoma pathogenesis, especially in the regulation of immune cell function in the tumor microenvironment. 366 Different interleukins exert distinct, even contrary effects on antitumor immunity. IL-2 is documented as a potent activator of both CD8 + T cells and NK cells through the binding to the heterotrimeric receptor consisting of three subunits including α, β, and γ.…”

Section: Signal Pathways Driving Melanoma Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Signal pathways of melanoma and targeted therapy

Guo

Wang

2021

Sig Transduct Target Ther

177

119

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Melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer that originates from the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Although melanoma has long been regarded as a cancerous malignancy with few therapeutic options, increased biological understanding and unprecedented innovations in therapies targeting mutated driver genes and immune checkpoints have substantially improved the prognosis of patients. However, the low response rate and inevitable occurrence of resistance to currently available targeted therapies have posed the obstacle in the path of melanoma management to obtain further amelioration. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms underlying melanoma pathogenesis more comprehensively, which might lead to more substantial progress in therapeutic approaches and expand clinical options for melanoma therapy. In this review, we firstly make a brief introduction to melanoma epidemiology, clinical subtypes, risk factors, and current therapies. Then, the signal pathways orchestrating melanoma pathogenesis, including genetic mutations, key transcriptional regulators, epigenetic dysregulations, metabolic reprogramming, crucial metastasis-related signals, tumor-promoting inflammatory pathways, and pro-angiogenic factors, have been systemically reviewed and discussed. Subsequently, we outline current progresses in therapies targeting mutated driver genes and immune checkpoints, as well as the mechanisms underlying the treatment resistance. Finally, the prospects and challenges in the development of melanoma therapy, especially immunotherapy and related ongoing clinical trials, are summarized and discussed.

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Section: Signal Pathways Driving Melanoma Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Signal pathways of melanoma and targeted therapy

Guo

Wang

2021

Sig Transduct Target Ther

177

119

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“…Low in vivo expression of IL-15's activating proteins contributed to an enhanced toxicity profile, given the HDs required to reach a biologic response, and ultimately led to the development of a novel superagonist fusion protein complex (ALT-803), which is now under clinical investigation as monotherapy (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01946789) and as a combination with anti–PD-1 ICI (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03228667). 146,147…”

Section: Novel Approaches and Future Clinical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Metastatic Melanoma in 2022: A Clinical Review

Switzer

Puzanov

Skitzki

et al. 2022

JCO Oncology Practice

126

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Cutaneous melanoma remains the most lethal of the primary cutaneous neoplasms, and although the incidence of primary melanoma continues to rise, the mortality from metastatic disease remains unchanged, in part through advances in treatment. Major developments in immunomodulatory and targeted therapies have provided robust improvements in response and survival trends that have transformed the clinical management of patients with metastatic melanoma. Additional advances in immunologic and cancer cell biology have contributed to further optimization in (1) risk stratification, (2) prognostication, (3) treatment, (4) toxicity management, and (5) surveillance approaches for patients with an advanced melanoma diagnosis. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the historical and future advances regarding the translational and clinical implications of advanced melanoma and share multidisciplinary recommendations to aid clinicians in the navigation of current treatment approaches for a variety of patient cohorts.

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“…Regrettably, the application of these cytokines is controversial due to their short half-lives and the toxicity caused by high and frequent dosages. Many attempts have been made to replace them (e.g., fusion, recombinant, or chemical modification) and develop a safe and effective cytokine derivative with improved pharmacokinetic properties [ 39 ]. Current results obtained with cytokines are summarized in several recent reviews [ 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Immunotherapeutic Approaches For the Treatment Of Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many attempts have been made to replace them (e.g., fusion, recombinant, or chemical modification) and develop a safe and effective cytokine derivative with improved pharmacokinetic properties [ 39 ]. Current results obtained with cytokines are summarized in several recent reviews [ 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Immunotherapeutic Approaches For the Treatment Of Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptide Vaccines in Melanoma: Chemical Approaches towards Improved Immunotherapeutic Efficacy

Bánóczi

Szabó

2023

Pharmaceutics

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Cancer of the skin is by far the most common of all cancers. Although the incidence of melanoma is relatively low among skin cancers, it can account for a high number of skin cancer deaths. Since the start of deeper insight into the mechanisms of melanoma tumorigenesis and their strong interaction with the immune system, the development of new therapeutical strategies has been continuously rising. The high number of melanoma cell mutations provides a diverse set of antigens that the immune system can recognize and use to distinguish tumor cells from normal cells. Peptide-based synthetic anti-tumor vaccines are based on tumor antigens that elicit an immune response due to antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Although targeting APCs with peptide antigens is the most important assumption for vaccine development, peptide antigens alone are poorly immunogenic. The immunogenicity of peptide antigens can be improved not only by synthetic modifications but also by the assistance of adjuvants and/or delivery systems. The current review summarizes the different chemical approaches for the development of effective peptide-based vaccines for the immunotherapeutic treatment of advanced melanoma.

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Cytokines in the Treatment of Melanoma

Cited by 20 publications

References 58 publications

Signal pathways of melanoma and targeted therapy

Signal pathways of melanoma and targeted therapy

Managing Metastatic Melanoma in 2022: A Clinical Review

Peptide Vaccines in Melanoma: Chemical Approaches towards Improved Immunotherapeutic Efficacy

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