Cytokines and microRNAs in SARS-CoV-2: What do we know?

Rarani, Fahimeh Zamani; Rashidi, Bahman; Abadi, Mohammad Hassan Jafari Najaf; Hamblin, Michael R.; Hashemian, Seyed Mohammad Reza; Mirzaei, Hamed

doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2022.06.017

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 302 publications

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“…In COVID-19 patients, viral entry stimulates multiple signaling pathways and produces a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-organ failure, and even death ( Rarani et al, 2022 ). The primary etiological factor is a systemic immune activation characterized by elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL8), also known as cytokine release syndrome or cytokine storm ( Khaledi et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Jakinibs and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic implications of current Janus kinase inhibitors as anti-COVID agents: A review

et al. 2023

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Severe cases of COVID-19 are characterized by hyperinflammation induced by cytokine storm, ARDS leading to multiorgan failure and death. JAK-STAT signaling has been implicated in immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 infection under different stages such as viral entry, escaping innate immunity, replication, and subsequent inflammatory processes. Prompted by this fact and prior utilization as an immunomodulatory agent for several autoimmune, allergic, and inflammatory conditions, Jakinibs have been recognized as validated small molecules targeting the rapid release of proinflammatory cytokines, primarily IL-6, and GM-CSF. Various clinical trials are under investigation to evaluate Jakinibs as potential candidates for treating COVID-19. Till date, there is only one small molecule Jakinib known as baricitinib has received FDA-approval as a standalone immunomodulatory agent in treating critical COVID-19 patients. Though various meta-analyses have confirmed and validated the safety and efficacy of Jakinibs, further studies are required to understand the elaborated pathogenesis of COVID-19, duration of Jakinib treatment, and assess the combination therapeutic strategies. In this review, we highlighted JAK-STAT signalling in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and clinically approved Jakinibs. Moreover, this review described substantially the promising use of Jakinibs and discussed their limitations in the context of COVID-19 therapy. Hence, this review article provides a concise, yet significant insight into the therapeutic implications of Jakinibs as potential anti-COVID agents which opens up a new horizon in the treatment of COVID-19, effectively.

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Section: Jakinibs and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic implications of current Janus kinase inhibitors as anti-COVID agents: A review

et al. 2023

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“…In addition, mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 evades recognition by T cells, including sequence mutations, and active alterations of antigen processing and presentation, need to be considered. Cytokine storm is strongly associated with fatal outcomes in patients with severe COVID-19 ( 197 ). Targeting these inflammatory cytokines as well as the application of immunomodulatory agents could benefit COVID-19 patients and enhance the effectiveness of antiviral therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering the information immunology journals transmitted for COVID-19: A bibliometric and visualization analysis

et al. 2022

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BackgroundSince the global epidemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a large number of immunological studies related to COVID-19 have been published in various immunology journals. However, the results from these studies were discrete, and no study summarized the important immunological information about COVID-19 released by these immunology journals. This study aimed to comprehensively summarize the knowledge structure and research hotspots of COVID-19 published in major immunology journals through bibliometrics.MethodsPublications on COVID-19 in major immunology journals were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and R-bibliometrix were comprehensively used for bibliometric and visual analysis.Results1,331 and 5,000 publications of 10 journals with high impact factors and 10 journals with the most papers were included, respectively. The USA, China, England, and Italy made the most significant contributions to these papers. University College London, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Harvard Medical School, University California San Diego, and University of Pennsylvania played a central role in international cooperation in the immunology research field of COVID-19. Yuen Kwok Yung was the most important author in terms of the number of publications and citations, and the H-index. CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES and FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY were the most essential immunology journals. These immunology journals mostly focused on the following topics: “Delta/Omicron variants”, “cytokine storm”, “neutralization/neutralizing antibody”, “T cell”, “BNT162b2”, “mRNA vaccine”, “vaccine effectiveness/safety”, and “long COVID”.ConclusionThis study systematically uncovered a holistic picture of the current research on COVID-19 published in major immunology journals from the perspective of bibliometrics, which will provide a reference for future research in this field.

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“…At the same time, IFN-β was regulated by some miRNAs such as let-7b, miR-34, miR-26a, and miR-146a. 113 At the same time, it was also pointed out that ILs control by many miRNAs'. It was noted that IL-1 is controlled by miRNA-146a in human lung alveolar epithelial cells during inflammatory response.…”

Section: Role Of Mirnas In Human Innate Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory role of miRNAs in the human immune and inflammatory response during the infection of SARS‐CoV‐2 and other respiratory viruses: A comprehensive review

Chakraborty,

Bhattacharya,

Lee

2024

Reviews in Medical Virology

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AbstractmiRNAs are single‐stranded ncRNAs that act as regulators of different human body processes. Several miRNAs have been noted to control the human immune and inflammatory response during severe acute respiratory infection syndrome (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. Similarly, many miRNAs were upregulated and downregulated during different respiratory virus infections. Here, an attempt has been made to capture the regulatory role of miRNAs in the human immune and inflammatory response during the infection of SARS‐CoV‐2 and other respiratory viruses. Firstly, the role of miRNAs has been depicted in the human immune and inflammatory response during the infection of SARS‐CoV‐2. In this direction, several significant points have been discussed about SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, such as the role of miRNAs in human innate immune response; miRNAs and its regulation of granulocytes; the role of miRNAs in macrophage activation and polarisation; miRNAs and neutrophil extracellular trap formation; miRNA‐related inflammatory response; and miRNAs association in adaptive immunity. Secondly, the miRNAs landscape has been depicted during human respiratory virus infections such as human coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, rhinovirus, and human metapneumovirus. The article will provide more understanding of the miRNA‐controlled mechanism of the immune and inflammatory response during COVID‐19, which will help more therapeutics discoveries to fight against the future pandemic.

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Cytokines and microRNAs in SARS-CoV-2: What do we know?

Cited by 21 publications

References 302 publications

Therapeutic implications of current Janus kinase inhibitors as anti-COVID agents: A review

Therapeutic implications of current Janus kinase inhibitors as anti-COVID agents: A review

Uncovering the information immunology journals transmitted for COVID-19: A bibliometric and visualization analysis

Regulatory role of miRNAs in the human immune and inflammatory response during the infection of SARS‐CoV‐2 and other respiratory viruses: A comprehensive review

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