Cytokine profiles in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood in HIV‐seronegative patients with <b><i>Pneumocystis carinii</i></b> pneumonia

Perenboom, R. M.; Schijndel, A. C. H. W. Van; Beckers, Pascal; Sauerwein, Robert W.; Hamersvelt, Henk W. van; Festen, J.; Gallati, H.; Meer, J.W.M. van der

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2362.1996.118253.x

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Mice with Pneumocystis pneumonia that developed HIR following adoptive transfer exhibited increased proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines and impaired respiratory function (23,40,41). In addition to IL-8, HIV and non-HIV patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia have increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, eicosanoids, and other inflammatory mediators in their BALF; however, these patients also have increased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines in their peripheral blood (4,5,20,21). The beneficial effects of CS in HIV ϩ patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia who are receiving anti-Pneumocystis drugs were thought to be due either to their anti-inflammatory properties or to their effects on the surfactant system (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitized Splenocytes Result in Deleterious Cytokine Cascade and Hyperinflammatory Response in Rats withPneumocystisPneumonia despite the Presence of Corticosteroids

Thullen

Ashbaugh²,

Daly³

et al. 2004

Infect Immun

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The immune response to the opportunistic pulmonary pathogen Pneumocystis can have beneficial and harmful effects on the host despite the presence of corticosteroids. We hypothesized that this deleterious hyperinflammatory response is associated with exaggerated cytokine production. The adoptive transfer of at least 10 7 immune splenocytes reduced the cyst count in rats with corticosteroid-induced pneumocystosis. About 18% of these rats developed clinical illness, an increased lung weight/body weight (LW/BW) ratio, and elevated levels of interleukin 1␣ (IL-1␣), IL-1␤, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-5, IL-10, and gamma interferon in the lungs. This hyperinflammatory reaction was not observed in rats that remained clinically well or in control rats. Thus, in this model, corticosteroids have little effect on the cytokine cascade or other adverse effects of the host immune response to Pneumocystis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitized Splenocytes Result in Deleterious Cytokine Cascade and Hyperinflammatory Response in Rats withPneumocystisPneumonia despite the Presence of Corticosteroids

Thullen

Ashbaugh²,

Daly³

et al. 2004

Infect Immun

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“…Increased concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines in BAL fluid and lungs were also found in HIVnegative (HIV-) immunocompromised patients and steroid-treated rats with PCP [21,26]. TNF was significantly increased in BAL fluid of HIV-patients, IL-6 in BAL fluid of rats.…”

Section: Effects Of Glucocorticosteroids And/or Concomitant Infectionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Eight healthy non-smoking subjects who volunteered to undergo BAL were used as control subjects [21]. None of them used medication or had evidence of lung disease or a history of recent respiratory tract infection.…”

Section: Control Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

**Cytokine profiles in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood in HIV‐seropositive patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia**

Perenboom

Sauerwein²,

Beckers³

et al. 1997

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Abstract. Concentrations and ex vivo production of interleukin 1b (IL-1), tumour necrosis a (TNF), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) and TNF soluble receptors (sTNF-receptors, P55 and P75) were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and blood in 23 HIV-seropositive (HIV+) patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and compared with values found in healthy HIV-seronegative (HIV-) controls and asymptomatic HIV+ subjects. Concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1b were increased in BAL fluid of HIV+ patients with PCP (184 Ϯ 47 pg mL -1 ) compared with undetectable levels in healthy control subjects (P = 0 . 0001). In plasma of these patients higher concentrations of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1RA were found during acute PCP than after recovery (2 . 1 Ϯ 0 . 7 vs. 0 . 5 Ϯ 0 . 2 ng mL -1 , P = 0 . 01). No correlations could be found between cytokine concentrations and clinical severity of the infection. Corticosteroid treatment did not influence cytokine concentrations in BAL or blood, nor did it suppress the production in alveolar cells. In whole-blood cultures, however, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated production was significantly suppressed for IL-1 (1 . 3 vs. 5 . 5 ng mL -1 , P = 0 . 009) and for IL-6 (0 . 6 vs. 2 . 5 ng mL -1 , P = 0 . 01). The overall data show that in HIV+ patients with PCP (similar to what we had found previously in HIVpatients with PCP) proinflammatory cytokines are more prominently present in BAL, whereas anti-inflammatory reaction is predominant in the circulation.

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“…Soluble forms of these TNF receptors are cleaved from their extracellular domain which act as physiological inhibitors and can be found in many body fluids [14–17]. Elevated serum levels of these sTNF receptors have been demonstrated in several diseases [18–24] and are thought to act as a marker of disease activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum level of soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor II (75 kDa) indicates inflammatory activity of sarcoidosis

Ziegenhagen

Fitschen

Martinet

et al. 2000

Journal of Internal Medicine

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Cytokine profiles in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood in HIV‐seronegative patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

Cited by 18 publications

References 27 publications

Sensitized Splenocytes Result in Deleterious Cytokine Cascade and Hyperinflammatory Response in Rats withPneumocystisPneumonia despite the Presence of Corticosteroids

Sensitized Splenocytes Result in Deleterious Cytokine Cascade and Hyperinflammatory Response in Rats withPneumocystisPneumonia despite the Presence of Corticosteroids

**Cytokine profiles in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood in HIV‐seropositive patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia**

Serum level of soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor II (75 kDa) indicates inflammatory activity of sarcoidosis

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