Cytokine profile of human adipose‐derived stem cells: Expression of angiogenic, hematopoietic, and pro‐inflammatory factors

Abstract

Adipose tissue serves as a source of adipokines and cytokines with both local and systemic actions in health and disease. In this study, we examine the hypothesis that multipotent human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), capable of differentiating along the adipocyte, chondrocyte, and osteoblast pathways, contribute to adipose tissue-derived cytokine secretion. Following exposure to basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) or epidermal growth factor (EGF), the ASCs significantly increase their secretion of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), a cytokine implicated in hematopoiesis, vasculogenesis, and mammary epithelial duct formation. Ascorbic acid synergizes with these inductive factors, further increasing HGF levels. Following exposure to lipopolysaccharide, ASCs increase their secretion of both hematopoietic (granulocyte/monocyte, granulocyte, and macrophage colony stimulating factors, interleukin 7) and proinflammatory (interleukins 6, 8, and 11, tumor necrosis factor alpha) cytokines based on ELISA and RT-PCR. In co-cultures established with umbilical cord blood-derived CD34(+) cells, the ASCs support long-term hematopoiesis in vitro. Furthermore, in short-term 12-day co-cultures, the ASC maintain and expand the numbers of both myeloid and lymphoid progenitors. These observations are consistent with the functionality of the secreted cytokines and confirm recent reports by other laboratories concerning the hematopoietic supportive capability of ASCs. We conclude that the ASCs display cytokine secretory properties similar to those reported for bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

Local transplantation of human multipotent adipose-derived stem cells accelerates fracture healing via enhanced osteogenesis and angiogenesis

“…It is well known that adipose tissue can promote tissue regeneration through secretion of various cytokines. Previous reports revealed expression of angiogenic cytokines (HGF, VEGF), hematopoietic cytokines (G-CSF, SCF) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, LIF, TNFa), [42][43][44] as well as secretion of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF) in fat-derived stem cells under a hypoxic condition. 45 As HIF-2a has been shown to be upregulated under a hypoxic condition in vitro, hMADS cells might also produce HIF which is one of the upstream molecules of VEGF and angiopoietin-1 signaling pathway.…”

Characterization of porcine partially reprogrammed iPSCs from adipose-derived stem cells

“…In this study, pADSCs and pPiPSC-DCs were both found to repress the proliferation of mouse PBMCs. Multiple secretory factors, such as transforming growth factor b (TGFb), prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), interleukin 6 (IL6), and M-CSF (Cui et al 2007, Kilroy et al 2007, have been reported to be involved in this process. Moreover, MSCs can suppress the proliferation and transformation of immunocytes, which requires galectin 1 to regulate the secretion of TNFa, IFNg, and IL2 (Gieseke et al 2010).…”

Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells

“…The primary human cell products should meet quality control/quality assurance criteria outlined by national and and differentiation in vitro of co-cultured human umbilical cord-derived hematopoietic progenitors. 34,35 Immunomodulatory Role of ASC In recent years, considerable attention has focused on the paracrine and immunomodulatory mechanism of SVF cell and ASC reparative function. Multiple independent studies have used the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) as an in vitro approach.…”