Cytokine Production by Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Human Coccidioidomycosis

Corry, David B.; Ampel, Neil M.; Christian, Lara; Locksley, Richard M.; Galgiani, John N.

doi:10.1093/infdis/174.2.440

Cited by 62 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…When studied early in the course of their illness, those with disseminated disease had a decreased response to T27K compared to the response of either those studied later or those with pulmonary disease. These data suggest that antifungal therapy may ameliorate the depression in cellular immune response that occurs in disseminated coccidioidomycosis that has been observed previously (1,2,8,10,11,26). Barbee and Hicks (5) have demonstrated such a return in cellular immune response with therapy in a small cohort of patients using an in vitro lymphocyte transformation assay.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

In Vitro Whole-Blood Analysis of Cellular Immunity in Patients with Active Coccidioidomycosis by Using the Antigen Preparation T27K

Ampel

Kramer

et al. 2002

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Measurement of cellular immunity in human coccidioidomycosis has important diagnostic and prognostic implications. The coccidioidin skin test has been the standard for the measurement of this, but it is not available in the United States. We examined the utility of measuring surface expression of CD69 on T lymphocytes in whole blood incubated with the coccidioidal antigen preparation T27K as an alternative to the skin test. Seventy donors with active coccidioidomycosis were studied. The mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of CD69 expression on CD3 lymphocytes in response to T27K was 28.61 ؎ 1.77, significantly greater than the control response of 11.45 ؎ 0.78 (P < 0.001). The MFI CD69 response to T27K above that for the control (MFI CD69 above control) was 6.35 ؎ 2.18 for seven subjects with disseminated coccidioidomycosis who were studied within 5 months of diagnosis. This was significantly below the value of 20.17 ؎ 3.17 for 18 subjects with pulmonary coccidioidomycosis studied within 5 months of diagnosis and the value of 19.58 ؎ 2.91 for 27 subjects with disseminated coccidioidomycosis studied after 5 months of diagnosis (for both, P < 0.05). There was an inverse correlation between coccidioidal clinical score and MFI CD69 above control for all 34 subjects with disseminated coccidioidomycosis (r ‫؍‬ 0.362; P ‫؍‬ 0.036) but not for the 36 subjects with pulmonary disease (r < 0.001; P ‫؍‬ 0.993). Among 30 subjects for whom data were available, there was a highly significant association between the MFI CD69 above control and the supernatant concentrations of gamma interferon, interleukin-2 (IL-2), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (for all, P < 0.001), but not for IL-4, IL-5, or IL-10. These data indicate that in vitro assessment of CD69 expression on T lymphocytes by using T27K may be a useful measure of cellular immune response among subjects with active coccidioidomycosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

In Vitro Whole-Blood Analysis of Cellular Immunity in Patients with Active Coccidioidomycosis by Using the Antigen Preparation T27K

Ampel

Kramer

et al. 2002

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…Individuals with resolved coccidioidomycosis after primary infection demonstrate evidence of cellular immunity in response to coccidioidal Ags characterized by the production of Th1 cytokines IFN-␥ and IL-2 (5). On the other hand, patients with active coccidioidomycosis that has disseminated beyond the thoracic cavity usually demonstrate diminished cellular immunity to coccidioidal Ags (6,7). Treatment of individuals with disseminated coccidioidomycosis has proven to be difficult and many individuals relapse after fungal therapy is discontinued (8 -10).…”

Section: Reversal Of Coccidioidal Anergy In Vitro By Dendritic Cells mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversal of Coccidioidal Anergy In Vitro by Dendritic Cells from Patients with Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis

Richards

Ampel

Lake

2002

The Journal of Immunology

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Coccidioides immitis is a pathogenic, dimorphic fungus found in the southwestern United States and is the causative agent of coccidioidomycosis. Extrathoracic dissemination of coccidioidomycosis is associated with a lack of cellular immunity. Dendritic cells (DCs) have been shown to initiate and modulate cellular immune responses. To determine whether DCs could modulate or initiate the immune response in this disease, monocyte-derived DCs were generated from coccidioidal Ag nonresponsive patients with disseminated coccidioidomycosis and healthy nonimmune individuals. DCs generated from both groups demonstrated phenotypes characteristic of DCs and stimulated strong allogeneic MLR. DCs from patients and healthy nonimmune individuals pulsed with the coccidioidal Ag preparation T27K induced lymphocyte proliferation. Mature DCs were much more efficient than immature DCs in these stimulations. Furthermore, restimulation of T27K-primed PBMC with Ag-pulsed DCs generated a C. immitis-specific cellular immune response in PBMC from patients with disseminated coccidioidomycosis as well as healthy nonimmune individuals. These results show that 1) DCs have the capacity to stimulate specific cellular immune responses from patients with disseminated coccidioidomycosis who are nonresponsive to coccidioidal Ag and healthy nonimmune individuals in vitro; 2) DCs can be used to screen coccidioidal Ags as candidates for human vaccine development; and 3) DC therapy may be useful in the treatment of disseminated coccidioidomycosis.

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“…Primers were chosen according to references [23][24][25][26][27] (Table 2). Amplifications were carried out using cycles of 94ЊC for 30 s, primer corresponding annealing temperature for 30 s, and 72 ЊC for 1 min.…”

Section: Phenotype Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of orbital T cells in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy

Forster¹,

Otto²,

Hansen³

et al. 1998

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYThyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) has a major effect on the two compartments of the retroorbital (RO) space, leading to enlargement of the extraocular muscles and other RO tissues. T lymphocyte infiltration of RO tissue is a characteristic feature of TAO and there is current interest in whether these T cells are specifically and selectively reactive to RO tissue itself. We recently established 18 T cell lines (TCL) from RO adipose/connective tissue of six patients with severe TAO by using IL-2, anti-CD3 antibodies and irradiated autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to maintain the growth of T cells reactive to autologous RO tissue protein fractions. Here we report on the phenotype characteristics and cytokine gene expression profiles of these orbital TCL and on their immunoreactivity to the organ-specific thyroid antigens thyrotropin receptor (TSH-R), thyroidal peroxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin (TG). Flow cytometry revealed that 10 TCL were predominantly of CD4 þ phenotype, three being mostly CD8 þ and five neither CD4 þ nor CD8

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Cytokine Production by Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Human Coccidioidomycosis

Cited by 62 publications

References 9 publications

In Vitro Whole-Blood Analysis of Cellular Immunity in Patients with Active Coccidioidomycosis by Using the Antigen Preparation T27K

In Vitro Whole-Blood Analysis of Cellular Immunity in Patients with Active Coccidioidomycosis by Using the Antigen Preparation T27K

Reversal of Coccidioidal Anergy In Vitro by Dendritic Cells from Patients with Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis

Analysis of orbital T cells in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy

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