Cytokine production by cord blood mononuclear cells stimulated with cows milk proteins <i>in vitro</i>: interleukin‐4 and transforming growth factor β‐secreting cells detected in the CD45RO T cell population in children of atopic mothers

Hauer, A.; Riederer, Monika; Griessl, A.; Rosegger, H; MacDonald, Thomas T.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01646.x

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…In contrast, systemic CMP reactivity was demonstrated by only a very small proportion of preterm controls, and notably at low frequencies. This finding is similar to a previous report that showed absence of cord blood recall antigen response to CMP in preterm infants under 34-wk gestation (19).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Cow’s milk protein‐specific T‐helper type I/II cytokine responses in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis

Chuang

Hayes²,

Ogundipe

et al. 2009

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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Enteral feeding, in particular with formula feeds, is associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). In this study, we have examined, in the systemic and mucosal immune compartments, for evidence of bovine milk antigen sensitization in infants with NEC. Eleven newborns with Bell’s staging 2–3 NEC [median post‐conceptional age 31 wk (range 27–41 wk)], 21 neonatal controls [33 (28–40) wk] and 15 infants undergoing intestinal resection or mucosal biopsy for non‐inflammatory conditions [39 (34–42) wk] were studied. Spontaneous and antigen or mitogen elicited interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) [T‐helper type I (Th1)], interleukin (IL)‐4 and IL‐5 [T‐helper type II (Th2)] responses were enumerated using single‐cell enzyme‐linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay in peripheral blood (PBMC) or lamina propria mononuclear cells. NEC infants, compared with controls, showed a significant elevation in baseline PBMC cytokine secreting cells, vigorous mitogen responses (20‐ to 120‐fold increase) for IFN‐γ, IL‐4 and IL‐5 (p < 0.001), strong responses to beta‐lactoglobulin (βlg) (IFN‐γ > IL‐4/IL‐5, p ≤ 0.001), and somewhat smaller casein responses. Similarly, in the lamina propria, a small but significant increase in spontaneous cytokine‐secreting cells was detected in NEC infants (p < 0.01), with an IFN‐γ/IL‐4 predominant phytohemagglutinin (PHA)/concanavalin‐A (ConA) response. Three of nine NEC infants (but no controls) also showed a positive ELISPOT response to βlg (IFN‐γ only) but none to casein. We have thus demonstrated significant cow’s milk protein (CMP) sensitization in NEC, at least in the systemic compartment (mixed Th1/Th2), with minimal mucosal activation in some cases. These novel findings provide a potential mechanism for a direct contributory role of CMP in the pathogenesis of NEC.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Detection and enumeration of IFN-c, IL-4 and IL-5 cytokinesecreting cells ELISPOT assays were performed as described elsewhere (19,20). Capture and detection monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were purchased from Mabtech AB, Nacka Strand, Sweden.…”

Section: Isolation Of Lamina Propria Mononuclear Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cow’s milk protein‐specific T‐helper type I/II cytokine responses in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis

Chuang

Hayes²,

Ogundipe

et al. 2009

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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“…Furthermore, TGF-b has been shown to be involved in tolerance toward allergens, 28 and reduced cord blood TGF-b production was found in offspring from atopic mothers. 29 The increase of cord plasma DHA in the FO group is within the range of the difference observed in plasma from atopic versus nonatopic individuals. 30,31 Whether the increase of TGF-b levels in offspring of FO-supplemented mothers ultimately helps to protect against allergic disease remains to be determined because the children of our study are too young at present to assess allergic outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Decreased cord blood IL-4, IL-13, and CCR4 and increased TGF-β levels after fish oil supplementation of pregnant women

Krauss‐Etschmann¹,

Hartl²,

Rzehak

et al. 2008

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

137

108

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“…It is commonly accepted that genetic predisposition is the main risk factor for allergy development and manifestation (Benn et al 2004;Hauer et al 2003;Peden 2005;Prescott et al 2003;Steinke et al 2008;Wang et al 2005). However, the effect of other factors should not be forgotten.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cytokine expression in cord blood cells of children of healthy and allergic mothers

et al. 2010

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To determine some early signs connected with the increased risk of future allergy development, gene expression and production of selected cytokines were tested in children of allergic mothers and compared with newborns of healthy mothers. Expression of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, IFN-γ, TNF-α, TGF-β and EGF was tested in cord blood cells using real-time PCR and production of these cytokines was evaluated in cord sera by ELISA. Gene expression of IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α and TGF-β was decreased and that of IL-10, IL-13 and EGF increased in children of allergic mothers in comparison with those of healthy mothers. Significant differences in sera of healthy and allergic groups were only in IL-10 and EGF. Different relationship among serum cytokine levels reflects the fact that the cytokines are not produced only by blood cells. Significantly decreased production of EGF in newborns of allergic mothers could negatively influence maturation of mucosal membranes of these children and support thus their easier allergization. Allergic phenotype pointing to the bias to T(H)2 response and to possibly impaired intestine maturation was apparent already on the level of cord blood and could serve as a predictive sign of increased allergy risk.

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Cytokine production by cord blood mononuclear cells stimulated with cows milk proteins in vitro: interleukin‐4 and transforming growth factor β‐secreting cells detected in the CD45RO T cell population in children of atopic mothers

Abstract: The cows milk antigen-specific IL-4 and TGF-beta responses preferentially seen in the memory cell subset of infants with a maternal history of atopy strongly suggests Th2 skewing to dietary antigens in utero.

Cited by 21 publications

References 24 publications

Cow’s milk protein‐specific T‐helper type I/II cytokine responses in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis

Cow’s milk protein‐specific T‐helper type I/II cytokine responses in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis

Decreased cord blood IL-4, IL-13, and CCR4 and increased TGF-β levels after fish oil supplementation of pregnant women

Cytokine expression in cord blood cells of children of healthy and allergic mothers

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