Cytokine Network in Analogy to Language— A General View of Interferon Research from a Distance

Kawade, Yoshimi

doi:10.1089/jir.1990.10.101

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Different cytokines can activate with, cooperate with, inhibit, or antagonize receptors on membrane surface and soluble receptors, which is very complex and called cytokine network. [ 25 ] Sporn and Roberts [ 26 ] and Kawade [ 27 ] defined cytokines and cytokine network as communication language among cells, providing a new thinking for cytoinformatics including cytokine network. Effect of cytokine network on neurosyphilis process is still unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CXCL13 and TH1/Th2 cytokines in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of neurosyphilis patients

Yan

Wang²,

et al. 2017

Medicine

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Neurosyphilis is a chronic infectious disease with involvement of central nervous system infection by Treponema pallidum. This study was to investigate the contents of B lymphocyte chemokine 1 (BLC-1/chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand 13), Th1 cytokines (Interleukin [IL]-2, IL-12, and Interferon [IFN]-γ), and Th2 cytokines (IL-6 and IL-10) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of HIV-negative patients with neurosyphilis before and after treatment, aiming to elucidate roles of CXCL13 and Th1/Th2 cytokines in immune response to and pathogenesis of neurosyphilis.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to detect the contents of CXCL13, IL-2, IL-12, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-10 in serum and CSF of 47 HIV-negative patients with neurosyphilis, 36 syphilis patients without neurological involvement and 23 controls (noninfectious intracranial disease) before, 3 and 12 months after treatment with high dose penicillin.Results showed that there was no significant difference in blood CXCL13 content among 3 groups (P > .05); CSF CXCL13 content in neurosyphilis patients was significantly higher than in other 2 groups (P < .001), and positively related to leucocyte count, protein concentration, and IgG index. IL-6 and IL-10 contents of the serum and CSF in neurosyphilis patients were markedly higher than in other 2 groups (P < .05 or .01), but IL-2, IL-12, and IFN-γ of the serum and CSF were significantly lower than in other 2 groups (P < .05 or .01). The IL-6, IL-10, IL-2, IL-12, and IFN-γ contents of the serum and CSF were comparable between control group and syphilis group (P > .05). CSF CXCL13 content was positively related with IL-6 and IL-10 content, while negatively related to IL-12 content in neurosyphilis patients. CSF IL-6 content was negatively related with IL-12 content. In neurosyphilis patients, the CSF CXCL13 content reduced significantly at 3 and 12 months (P < .001), the CSF IL-2 and IL-12 contents increased significantly at 12 months, and CSF IL-6 contents reduced significantly at 12 months after treatment (P < .05 or .01).It is concluded that neurosyphilis patients did not have normal immune function. CXCL13 and Th1/Th2 cytokines are involved in the immune response of neurosyphilis patients. CSF CXCL13 and Th1/Th2 cytokines contents may be used for the diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of neurosyphilis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CXCL13 and TH1/Th2 cytokines in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of neurosyphilis patients

Yan

Wang²,

et al. 2017

Medicine

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“…After many years of experimental work on interferon, a member of the cytokine family, I came to perceive a similarity of the cytokine system to human language (Kawade 1990(Kawade , 1992. Cytokines are a family of protein resembling hormones in many respects.…”

Section: Metabolic Regulator Cytokine and Hormone Molecules As Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular biosemiotics: Molecules carry out semiosis in living systems

Kawade¹

1996

Semiotica

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Immunoprevention of Cancer Poses a Challenge to Pharmacological Research

Hrelia

Tanneberger

1997

Pharmacological Research

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Cytokine Network in Analogy to Language— A General View of Interferon Research from a Distance

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

CXCL13 and TH1/Th2 cytokines in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of neurosyphilis patients

CXCL13 and TH1/Th2 cytokines in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of neurosyphilis patients

Molecular biosemiotics: Molecules carry out semiosis in living systems

Immunoprevention of Cancer Poses a Challenge to Pharmacological Research

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