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BACKGROUND: To date in the Russian Federation insufficient attention has been paid to the study of IL6 and COL1A1 gene polymorphisms role in the development of knee osteoarthritis. And the results of the single carried out to date studies, devoted to the research of polymorphic variants of the above genes influence on the osteoarthritis development, are insufficient for substantiated conclusions. AIM: To study the frequency of alleles and genotypes of the IL6 gene rs1800795 polymorphism and COL1A1 gene rs1107946 and rs1800012 polymorphisms in postmenopausal women with knee osteoarthritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of 157 postmenopausal women survey with knee osteoarthritis were selected and analyzed. The control group consisted of 326 women of the same age without signs of joint disease. The study of polymorphisms rs1800795, rs1107946 and rs1800012 was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The conducted studies showed that in the general group of examined women the frequency of all three studied polymorphisms genotypes registration corresponded to the Hardy-Weinberg law. An uneven (p = 0.043) distribution of rs1800795 polymorphism genotypes was found in the group of women with osteoarthritis and in the control group in the study of the IL6 gene polymorphic variants frequency detection. This difference was due to more frequent GG genotype registration of the above polymorphism (odds ratio = 1.75; 95% confidence interval: 1.12–2.72; p = 0.021) among women with knee osteoarthritis. Associations of rs1107946 and rs1800012 COL1A1 gene polymorphisms were not found (p 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: An association between GG genotype of the IL6 gene rs1800795 polymorphism and knee osteoarthritis in postmenopausal women has been established. Genotypes and alleles of COL1A1 gene rs1107946 and rs1800012 polymorphisms were not associated with joint disease.
BACKGROUND: To date in the Russian Federation insufficient attention has been paid to the study of IL6 and COL1A1 gene polymorphisms role in the development of knee osteoarthritis. And the results of the single carried out to date studies, devoted to the research of polymorphic variants of the above genes influence on the osteoarthritis development, are insufficient for substantiated conclusions. AIM: To study the frequency of alleles and genotypes of the IL6 gene rs1800795 polymorphism and COL1A1 gene rs1107946 and rs1800012 polymorphisms in postmenopausal women with knee osteoarthritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of 157 postmenopausal women survey with knee osteoarthritis were selected and analyzed. The control group consisted of 326 women of the same age without signs of joint disease. The study of polymorphisms rs1800795, rs1107946 and rs1800012 was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The conducted studies showed that in the general group of examined women the frequency of all three studied polymorphisms genotypes registration corresponded to the Hardy-Weinberg law. An uneven (p = 0.043) distribution of rs1800795 polymorphism genotypes was found in the group of women with osteoarthritis and in the control group in the study of the IL6 gene polymorphic variants frequency detection. This difference was due to more frequent GG genotype registration of the above polymorphism (odds ratio = 1.75; 95% confidence interval: 1.12–2.72; p = 0.021) among women with knee osteoarthritis. Associations of rs1107946 and rs1800012 COL1A1 gene polymorphisms were not found (p 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: An association between GG genotype of the IL6 gene rs1800795 polymorphism and knee osteoarthritis in postmenopausal women has been established. Genotypes and alleles of COL1A1 gene rs1107946 and rs1800012 polymorphisms were not associated with joint disease.
Osteoarthritis is caused by a complex interplay of genetic, metabolic, immunological, inflammatory, biochemical, and biomechanical factors. In recent years, a fairly large number of studies have been devoted to the role of cellular factors of the immune system in the development of osteoarthritis. The aim of the study was to analyze scientifc publications devoted to the study of cellular factors in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and to assess their signifcance in the development of joint pathology. Material and methods. The search for publications by keywords was carried out in the PubMed, Google Scholar, eLibrary databases and specialized journals related to therapy, rheumatology, traumatology and immunology from 2000 to 2022. Results and discussion. Summarizing modern ideas about the role of cellular factors of the immune system in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, it is necessary to note the presence of synovial inflammation, a key role in the development of which is assigned to macrophages. At the same time, patients with osteoarthritis are characterized by the predominance of classically activated macrophages with a pronounced pro-inflammatory effect. In addition, T lymphocytes also play an important role in the pathogenesis of joint damage. Among them, a special role is given to T helper cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes and memory T cells. An imbalance of cytokines and chemokines produced by subpopulations of T lymphocytes is the reason for triggering a number of mechanisms for the onset and progression of osteoarthritis. A signifcant role in the development and progression of osteoarthritis is also assigned to neutrophils, which contribute to the development of inflammation. Neutrophil-produced elastase enhances cartilage degradation, chondrocyte apoptosis, unbalanced subchondral bone remodeling, and osteophyte formation. Conclusions. Knowledge of the role of cellular immune factors in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and ways to implement their effects determines the prospects for the use of immunotropic agents. Also, it should be taken into account that the occurrence and progression of osteoarthritis is due to the simultaneous combination of the influence of a wide range of various components, including risk factors, traumatic joint injury, etc.
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