Cytokine expression profiles in children and adolescents with tic disorders
Meryem Ozlem Kutuk,
Ali Evren Tufan,
Fethiye Kilicaslan
et al.
Abstract:The etiology of tic disorders (TDs) is not precisely known, although several lines of evidence suggest involvement of the immune system in pathogenesis. Here, we aimed to determine the expression levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in children with TD and compare them with those of healthy controls. Furthermore, we also evaluated their association with clinical variables in the TD group. Within the study period, 88 children with tic disorders and 111 healthy control children were enrolle… Show more
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