Cytokine expression in tears of patients with glaucoma or dry eye disease: A prospective, observational cohort study

Benítez-del-Castillo, Javier; Cantu-Dibildox, Jorge; Sanz-González, Silvia M.; Zanón‐Moreno, Vicente; Pinazo-Durán, María Dolores

doi:10.1177/1120672118795399

Cited by 42 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Thus, it was found that the ratio of ω-6 (AA) to ω-3 (DHA + EPA) fatty acids is increased in DES patients [21], which concurs with our observations (see Figure 3). Furthermore, a number of works reported DES-associated growth of the TF level of PGE2, which is recognized as a hallmark of the disease [21][22][23]44]. Consistently, in our experiments, PGE2 exhibited the most pronounced elevation among the identified mediators (see Figure 3).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Inflammation in Dry Eye Syndrome: Identification and Targeting of Oxylipin-Mediated Mechanisms

et al. 2020

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Dry eye syndrome (DES) is characterized by decreased tear production and stability, leading to desiccating stress, inflammation and corneal damage. DES treatment may involve targeting the contributing inflammatory pathways mediated by polyunsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives, oxylipins. Here, using an animal model of general anesthesia-induced DES, we addressed these pathways by characterizing inflammatory changes in tear lipidome, in correlation with pathophysiological and biochemical signs of the disease. The decline in tear production was associated with the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the corneal stroma, which manifested one to three days after anesthesia, accompanied by changes in tear antioxidants and cytokines, resulting in persistent damage to the corneal epithelium. The inflammatory response manifested in the tear fluid as a short-term increase in linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid-derived oxylipins, followed by elevation in arachidonic acid and its derivatives, leukotriene B4 (5-lipoxigenase product), 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-lipoxigeanse product) and prostaglandins, D2, E2 and F2α (cyclooxygenase products) that was observed for up to 7 days. Given these data, DES was treated by a novel ophthalmic formulation containing a dimethyl sulfoxide-based solution of zileuton, an inhibitor of 5-lipoxigenase and arachidonic acid release. The therapy markedly improved the corneal state in DES by attenuating cytokine- and oxylipin-mediated inflammatory responses, without affecting tear production rates. Interestingly, the high efficacy of the proposed therapy resulted from the synergetic action of its components, namely, the general healing activity of dimethyl sulfoxide, suppressing prostaglandins and the more specific effect of zileuton, downregulating leukotriene B4 (inhibition of T-cell recruitment), as well as upregulating docosahexaenoic acid (activation of resolution pathways).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Inflammation in Dry Eye Syndrome: Identification and Targeting of Oxylipin-Mediated Mechanisms

et al. 2020

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“…IL-12 inhibits apoptosis of ganglion cells and then protects the optic nerve. IL-4 plays an important role during the process of optic nerve injury, and its high expression represents serious optic nerve injury (21,22). These studies are consistent with our conclusions.…”

Section: Lncrna Malat1 Lncrna Anril ---------------------------------supporting

confidence: 92%

Expression and clinical value of lncRNA MALAT1 and lncRNA ANRIL in glaucoma patients

Zheng

Gao

et al. 2019

Exp Ther Med

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Expression and clinical value of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1 and lncRNA ANRIL in glaucoma patients were investigated. Altogether 86 glaucoma patients who were diagnosed (study group) and 86 people who underwent physical examinations and were confirmed to be healthy (control group) in the Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2016 to June 2018 were enrolled. Expression of the serum lncRNA MALAT1, lncRNA ANRIL, pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), homocysteine (Hcy), and inflammatory cytokines [interleukin-12 (IL-12), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)] was detected. The clinical significance of lncRNA MALAT1 and lncRNA ANRIL was analyzed. Compared with those in the control group, patients in the study group had significantly lower expression of serum lncRNA MALAT1 and lncRNA ANRIL (P<0.05), significantly lower expression of serum PEDF and IL-12 (P<0.05), and significantly higher expression of serum Hcy and IL-4 (P<0.05), without significant difference in the expression of serum IFN-γ between the two groups (P>0.05). Serum lncRNA MALAT1 and lncRNA ANRIL were positively correlated with PEDF and IL-12 (P<0.05), but negatively correlated with Hcy and IL-4 (P<0.05). The diagnostic value of the combined detection of lncRNA MALAT1 and lncRNA ANRIL was higher than that of lncRNA MALAT1 alone and lncRNA ANRIL alone. The expression of lncRNA MALAT1 and lncRNA ANRIL was significantly related to the pathological staging of the patients (P<0.05), not the sex, age, body mass index (BMI), types, and presence or absence of myopia (P>0.05). lncRNA MALAT1 and lncRNA ANRIL are poorly expressed in the serum of glaucoma patients and related to the patients' conditions. Their combined detection has high diagnostic value for the disease. Therefore, they may be used as new molecular targets for the diagnosis and severity evaluation of glaucoma patients.

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“…Moreover, the proinflammatory IL-1β is a key protein that acts as the main potent mediator of ocular diseases, inducing tissue damage [27]. A recent study conducted by Tsai and colleagues evaluated the levels of vitreous cytokines in patients with diabetic retinopathy [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Combined Exercise Improves Inflammatory Profile in the Retina of Obese Mice

Campos

Rodrigues

Pereira

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Excess of adipose tissue increases the concentration of proinflammatory cytokines, triggering a subclinical inflammatory condition. This inflammatory profile contributes to retina damage, which can lead to retinal dysfunction and reduced vision. Regularly practicing both aerobic and strength exercises is well known for promoting anti-inflammatory effects on different organs in the peripheral and central regions. However, the effects of combined physical exercise (CPE; strength + aerobic) on the inflammatory process in the retina tissue are not yet known. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CPE on the inflammatory profile of the retina in obese mice. Swiss mice were distributed into control, sedentary obese, and trained obese groups. The trained obese group was subjected to short-term CPE, 1 h/day, for 7 days. The CPE was composed of aerobic and strength exercises in the same exercise session. The strength exercise protocol consisted of 10 climbing series, with 12 ± 1 dynamic climbing movements at 70% of the maximum voluntary carrying capacity (MVCC), and the aerobic exercise protocol consisted of 30 min of treadmill running, with an intensity of 75% of the exhaust velocity. Subsequently, the retina was excised and analyzed by Western blot. Obese animals presented impairment on glucose homeostasis and elevated levels of proinflammatory proteins in the serum and retina; however, CPE was effective in reversing these parameters, independently of changes in body adiposity. Therefore, for the first time, we have shown that short-term CPE can be an important strategy to treat an inflammatory profile in the retina.

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Cytokine expression in tears of patients with glaucoma or dry eye disease: A prospective, observational cohort study

Abstract: Different cytokine/chemokine expression profiles in tears of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and dry eye disease strongly suggest the involvement of a variety of signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of these ophthalmic processes.

Cited by 42 publications

References 37 publications

Inflammation in Dry Eye Syndrome: Identification and Targeting of Oxylipin-Mediated Mechanisms

Inflammation in Dry Eye Syndrome: Identification and Targeting of Oxylipin-Mediated Mechanisms

Expression and clinical value of lncRNA MALAT1 and lncRNA ANRIL in glaucoma patients

Short-Term Combined Exercise Improves Inflammatory Profile in the Retina of Obese Mice

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