Cytokine and Chemokine Levels in Patients with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus

Deng, Baocheng; Zhang, Shujun; Geng, Yingzhi; Zhang, Yuzhong; Wang, Yuncheng; Yao, Wenqing; Wen, Ying; Cui, Wei; Zhou, Ying; Gu, Qiuhong; Wang, Wen; Wang, Yu; Shao, Zhongjun; Wang, Yanli; Li, Chengbo; Wang, Donglei; Zhao, Yitong; Liu, Pei

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041365

Cited by 123 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Some lethal SFTS cases have been treated with corticosteroids (dexamethasone, methylprednisolone or prednisolone) to suppress the hemophagocytic reaction (16). Since this treatment may not always prevent the poor outcomes, the use of corticosteroids for SFTS patients is controversial and requires further experience and evaluation to determine its overall utility (17,18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: An Autopsy Case Report

et al. 2016

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As of June 2014, among six patients who had severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) at our hospital, an 83-year-old man died despite receiving appropriate critical care. An autopsy revealed extensive ischemic damage of the intra-abdominal organs, including the liver, spleen, stomach and gut, due to severe celiac atherosclerotic stenosis and superior mesenteric arterial thrombosis. Many SFTS virus nucleoprotein antigen-immunoreactive cells were detected in a paraaortic node, where necrotizing lymphadenitis was seen, and in the spleen. Fewer such cells were seen in the liver, bone marrow and adrenals. Conclusion: Atherosclerosis, in addition to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis syndrome, can be lethal in elderly SFTS patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: An Autopsy Case Report

et al. 2016

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“…The molecules expressed by FRCs in SFTS patients are largely unknown, except for IL-6, which is increased (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathogenesis of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Infection in Alpha/Beta Interferon Knockout Mice: Insights into the Pathologic Mechanisms of a New Viral Hemorrhagic Fever

Liu

Paessler

et al. 2014

J Virol

116

126

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Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a newly discovered Phlebovirus causing an emerging hemorrhagic fever in East Asia, with reported case fatality rates up to 30%. Despite the high case fatality rate and large number of persons at risk of infection, the pathobiology of the disease is unknown, and no effective animal model has been available for investigating its pathogenesis. We have studied mice and hamsters as potential small-animal models of SFTSV infection following subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, or intracerebral inoculation. Animal tissues were processed for viral load determination, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and confocal microscopic studies. We found that immunocompetent adult mice and hamsters did not become ill after SFTSV infection. However, alpha/beta interferon receptor knockout (IFNAR ؊/؊ ) mice were highly susceptible to SFTSV infection, and all mice died within 3 to 4 days after subcutaneous inoculation of 10 6 focus-forming units of SFTSV. Histologic examination of tissues of IFNAR ؊/؊ mice infected with SFTSV showed no detectable lesions. In contrast, by immunohistochemistry virus antigen was found in liver, intestine, kidney, spleen, lymphoid tissue, and brain, but not in the lungs. Mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen were the most heavily infected tissues. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) confirmed the presence of virus in these tissues. Confocal microscopy showed that SFTSV colocalized with reticular cells but did not colocalize with dendritic cells, monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, or endothelium. Our results indicate that SFTSV multiplied in all organs except for lungs and that mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen were the most heavily infected tissues. The major target cells of SFTSV appear to be reticular cells in lymphoid tissues of intestine and spleen.

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“…3 The major clinical symptoms of SFTS are acute and high fever (temperatures of 38°C or more), thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 100,000/mm 3 ), leucopenia, elevated levels of serum hepatic enzymes, and multiorgan dysfunction. 1,4,5 More recently, SFTSV has spread to eastern Asia. SFTSV was first reported in China in 2009 and became the first tickborne Phlebovirus isolated in rural areas of Hubei and Henan provinces in central China ( Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,4 As a consequence, H. longicornis has been identified as a vector of SFTSV. 1,[4][5][6] Migratory birds are regular hosts of H. longicornis and this tick species is widely distributed in the Asia-Pacific region. In addition, the tick distribution matches the bird migration flyways between China, South Korea, and Japan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Analysis of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in South Korea and Migratory Bird Routes Between China, South Korea, and Japan

Yun¹,

Heo²,

Kim³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne viral disease. The SFTS virus (SFTSV) has been detected in the Haemaphysalis longicornis, which acts as a transmission host between animals and humans. SFTSV was first confirmed in China in 2009 and has also been circulating in Japan and South Korea. However, it is not known if a genetic connection exists between the viruses in these regions and, if so, how SFTSV is transmitted across China, South Korea, and Japan. We therefore hypothesize that the SFTSV in South Korea share common phylogenetic origins with samples from China and Japan. Further, we postulate that migratory birds, well-known carriers of the tick H. longicornis, are a potential source of SFTSV transmission across countries. Our phylogenetic analysis results show that the SFTSV isolates in South Korea were similar to isolates from Japan and China. We connect this with previous work showing that SFTSV-infected H. longicornis were found in China, South Korea, and Japan. In addition, H. longicornis were found on migratory birds. The migratory bird routes and the distribution of H. longicornis are concurrent with the occurrence of SFTSV. Therefore, we suggest that migratory birds play an important role in dispersing H. longicornis-borne SFTSV.

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Cytokine and Chemokine Levels in Patients with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus

Cited by 123 publications

References 27 publications

Fatal Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: An Autopsy Case Report

Fatal Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: An Autopsy Case Report

The Pathogenesis of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Infection in Alpha/Beta Interferon Knockout Mice: Insights into the Pathologic Mechanisms of a New Viral Hemorrhagic Fever

Phylogenetic Analysis of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in South Korea and Migratory Bird Routes Between China, South Korea, and Japan

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