Cytokeratin19 expression discriminates papillary thyroid carcinoma from other thyroid lesions and predicts its aggressive behavior

Abstract

Cytokeratin19 (CK19) has been reported as a useful marker of thyroid tumors. We evaluated its value for differential diagnosis of thyroid neoplastic lesions and assessed its usefulness for predicting aggressive behavior of papillary thyroid carcinomas by correlating immunohistochemical results with clinicopathological features of the patients. A total of 351 thyroid tissue samples included 27 follicular adenomas (FTA), 18 follicular carcinomas (FTC), 147 papillary carcinomas (71 of follicular type-PTCfv and 76 of classical type-PTCcl) and 33 cases of anaplastic carcinoma with 126 adjacent thyroid tissues. Diagnostic usefulness of CK19 was determined by ROC analysis, while its value as a predictive marker of PTC was tested by univariate and multivariate analysis. According to ROC analysis, CK19 can discriminate both types of PTC from other neoplasias of the thyroid gland (p < 0.05). Although greatest accuracy was gained for the identification of PTCcl (91.07 %), this marker was also helpful for distinguishing PTCfv from FTA and FTC (accuracy 71.43 and 65.17 %, respectively). Regarding the univariate set of tests, high expression of CK19 correlated significantly with age, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, pT status and pTNM stage of PTC (p < 0.05 for all). Multivariate analyses confirmed the significant association of high CK19 expression with extrathyroidal extension of PTC as well as with pTNM stage (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). CK19 is a useful marker for the identification of both types of PTC. High expression of this protein predicts the aggressive behavior of PTC and can help in the identification of a particular subgroup of PTC patients with a potentially worse prognosis.

Keratins 17 and 19 expression as prognostic markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma

“…Other studies have shown the presence of K17 in gastric adenocarcinoma, Ewing sarcoma, OSCC, and ovary, breast, and cervical cancers (Maddox et al, 1999;Ide et al, 2012;Kitamura et al, 2012;Alshareeda et al, 2013;Sankar et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2013). K19 expression was shown in liver, breast, lung, ovary, thyroid and oral cancers (Safadi et al, 2010;Isic Dencic et al, 2013;Kong et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2013;Park et al, 2013). In a study with 56 OSCC samples and normal mucosal controls, 31 keratins were analyzed by high-density oligonucleotide microarrays (Toyoshima et al, 2008).…”

Urine and serum concentrations of Cytokeratin 19 in preeclampsia

“…Keratins are intermediate filament proteins responsible for the structural integrity of epithelial cells [12]. As biomarker CK19 is mainly used for the detection of tumor cells disseminated in lymph nodes, peripheral blood, and bone marrow of cancer patients [13]. It is also frequently used with other keratins to differentiate cells of epithelial origin from hematopoietic cells in tests that evaluate circulating tumor cells in peripheral blood [14].…”

Advances in Tumor Markers for the Early Diagnosis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

“…CK19 has shown a higher sensitivity and lower specificity in a variety of epithelial tumor-derived, and it plays an important role in cell differentiation and tumor diagnosis, it is a useful marker for the identification of both types of PTC. Regarding the univariate set of tests, high expression of CK19 correlated significantly with age, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, pT status and pTNM stage of PTC (p<0.05 for all); multivariate analyses confirmed the significant association of high CK19 expression with extrathyroidal extension of PTC as well as with pTNM stage (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively) [22]. Recent studies have shown that CK19 was a focally expression in normal thyroid follicular, diffused strong expression in PTC, whereas expression or weak expression in benign thyroid lesion.…”

“…CK19 expression levels differed vastly between nodes with and without metastatic cells, ddCt of CK19 in the genetic material extracted from nodes without metastatic was 9.97±4.20, while in nodes with metastases ddCt was 0.91±4.20 (p<0.0001) [24]. According to ROC analysis, CK19 can discriminate both types of PTC from other neoplasias of the thyroid gland (p<0.05) [22]. Although greatest accuracy was gained for the identification of PTCcl (91.07%), this marker was also helpful for distinguishing PTCfv from follicular thyroid adenomas (FTA) and FTC (accuracy 71.43 and 65.17 %, respectively), high expression of this protein predicts the aggressive behavior of PTC and can help in the identification of a particular subgroup of PTC patients with a potentially worse prognosis.…”