Cytokeratin localization and basal cell differentiation in the epididymal epithelium during postnatal development of the mouse

Yoshida, Ayaka; Murakami, Kiyoshi; Sakuda, Kentaro; Yoshinaga, Kazuya

doi:10.2535/ofaj.91.83

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Basal cells also present features of adult stem cells as they have the ability to differentiate in vitro and to potentially regenerate epididymis epithelium (Mandon et al ., ). Cytokeratin 5 (CK5) has been proposed as a differentiation marker of epididymis basal cells in rat and mouse (Mandon et al ., ; Yoshida et al ., ; Shum et al ., . Even though the multiple functions attributed to basal cells suggest that these cells are heterogeneous, cytokeratin 5 is the hallmark of all epididymis basal cells (Fig.…”

Section: Cell Types In the Proximal Region Of The Human Epididymismentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting structure/functions of the human epididymis

et al. 2019

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Background: The epididymis is the hallmark of all vertebrate species practicing internal fertilization. While the functions of the epididymis are well documented in laboratory rodents and some domestic animals, the structure and functions of the epididymis in humans remain poorly documented. Objectives: Using human tissues obtained with the collaboration of our local organ transplantation program, the histology, cell types, and three-dimensional organization of the excurrent duct were investigated. Microarrays were performed to determine the gene expression pattern along the human epididymis. Materials and methods: The histology of longitudinal sections of the proximal epididymis was described, and immunohistochemistry using specific antibodies was used to characterize cell types of the efferent duct and caput epididymis epithelia. The epididymis was divided into eight segments permitting gene profiling by microarray and gene ontology analysis. Results: The proximal region of the human epididymis is formed exclusively by efferent ducts. These ducts form a complex histological structure particularly at the junction of the efferent ducts and caput epididymis. The efferent ducts exhibit a specific cellular signature when compared with the adjacent epididymis tubule. Efferent duct gene expression is not segmented and is dedicated to cilium differentiation and movement. The gene expression pattern of the caput segment is homogeneous and specialized in defense and immune responses and fertilization. Discussion: In murine species, the epididymis is segmented into the initial segment, caput, corpus, and cauda regions, whereas in humans, the proximal region is formed by efferent ducts. The caput tubules have their own histological organization with a welldefined gene expression pattern. The distal corpus and cauda epididymis are distinct by a limited number of differentially expressed genes. Conclusions: Knowledge of epididymis functions and structure obtained using laboratory species should be extrapolated to humans with caution.

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Section: Cell Types In the Proximal Region Of The Human Epididymismentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting structure/functions of the human epididymis

et al. 2019

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“…After cooling to room temperature, the slides were immersed in a peroxidase blocker solution containing 0.03% hydrogen peroxide and 0.031 M sodium azide (Dako Canada Inc., Mississauga, ON). They were then incubated overnight at 4°C with either anti-prosaposin (PSAP, RRID:AB_2792974) [ 79 ], anti-cytokeratin 5 (CK5, Covance Cat# PRB-160P-100, RRID:AB_10063444) [ 80 ] or anti-cathepsin D (CathD, Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-6487, RRID:AB_637895) [ 81 ] antibodies in 50 mM Tris-Cl, pH 7.4 containing 1% Bovine serum albumin (BSA, Sigma A7511).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Heparan sulfate acetyl-CoA: Alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase (HGSNAT) inactivation on the structure and function of epithelial and immune cells of the testis and epididymis and sperm parameters in adult mice

Carvelli,

Hermo,

O’Flaherty

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Heparan sulfate (HS), an abundant component of the apical cell surface and basement membrane, belongs to the glycosaminoglycan family of carbohydrates covalently linked to proteins called heparan sulfate proteoglycans. After endocytosis, HS is degraded in the lysosome by several enzymes, including heparan-alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase (HGSNAT), and in its absence causes Mucopolysaccharidosis III type C (Sanfilippo type C). Since endocytosis occurs in epithelial cells of the testis and epididymis, we examined the morphological effects of Hgsnat inactivation in these organs. In the testis, Hgsnat knockout (Hgsnat-Geo) mice revealed statistically significant decrease in tubule and epithelial profile area of seminiferous tubules. Electron microscopy (EM) analysis revealed cross-sectional tubule profiles with normal and moderately to severely altered appearances. Abnormalities in Sertoli cells and blood-testis barrier and the absence of germ cells in some tubules were noted along with altered morphology of sperm, sperm motility parameters and a reduction in fertilization rates in vitro. Along with quantitatively increased epithelial and tubular profile areas in the epididymis, EM demonstrated significant accumulations of electrolucent lysosomes in the caput-cauda regions that were reactive for cathepsin D and prosaposin antibodies. Lysosomes with similar storage materials were also found in basal, clear and myoid cells. In the mid/basal region of the epithelium of caput-cauda regions of KO mice, large vacuolated cells, unreactive for cytokeratin 5, a basal cell marker, were identified morphologically as epididymal mononuclear phagocytes (eMPs). The cytoplasm of the eMPs was occupied by a gigantic lysosome suggesting an active role of these cells in removing debris from the epithelium. Some eMPs were found in proximity to T-lymphocytes, a feature of dendritic cells. Taken together, our results reveal that upon Hgsnat inactivation, morphological alterations occur to the testis affecting sperm morphology and motility parameters and abnormal lysosomes in epididymal epithelial cells, indicative of a lysosomal storage disease.

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“…The tumor cells were characterized by being CK14-positive. In the mouse epididymis, CK5 and CK14 have been reported to be specific markers of basal cells in the epididymal ducts 7 . The basal cells of the remaining epididymal ducts in the mass were also positive for CK14, suggesting that the tumor cells derived from the basal cells of the epididymal ducts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary epididymis squamous cell carcinoma in a CB6F1-Tg rasH2 mouse

et al. 2022

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In a 26-week carcinogenicity study in rasH2-Tg mice, squamous cell carcinoma on the epididymis was observed in a male mouse in the positive control group treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. A 29-week-old male rasH2-Tg mouse that was euthanized 21 weeks after the administration of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea had a white-grayish mass on the left caput epididymis. The mass was nodular and consisted of pleomorphic tumor cells forming alveolar, sheeted, and trabecular structures suggesting epithelial tumor growth. These cells presented a cobblestone-like arrangement and formed intercellular bridges. Keratinization was infrequently observed. Periodic acid-methenamine-silver staining revealed argyrophilic fibrous structures around the alveolar structure of the tumor cells. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and cytokeratin 14 and negative for cytokeratin 5, p63, uroplakin III, vimentin, desmin, and αSMA. These immunohistochemical results suggested the tumor cells originated from the epididymal ducts. Metastatic lesions were observed in the mesenteric, inguinal, and pancreaticoduodenal lymph nodes. Based on these results, this tumor was diagnosed to be a primary squamous cell carcinoma of the epididymis. This is the first report of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the epididymis in a rasH2-Tg mouse.

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Cytokeratin localization and basal cell differentiation in the epididymal epithelium during postnatal development of the mouse

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Revisiting structure/functions of the human epididymis

Revisiting structure/functions of the human epididymis

Effects of Heparan sulfate acetyl-CoA: Alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase (HGSNAT) inactivation on the structure and function of epithelial and immune cells of the testis and epididymis and sperm parameters in adult mice

Primary epididymis squamous cell carcinoma in a CB6F1-Tg rasH2 mouse

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