Cytogenetical studies onPapaver somniferum L. andPapaver setigerum DC. and their hybrid

Hrishi, N.

doi:10.1007/bf01984428

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…In P. bracteatum the maximum and minimum of chromosomal total length was 28.70 and 22.90 in the 23157 and 14202 populations, respectively, while in P. somniferum it was 32.97 and 29.05 in the 15093 and 13911 populations, respectively. The range of chromosome size in P. bracteatum was determined to be between 3.18 to 4.60, while in P. somniferum it was 1.98 to 4.08, which is consistent with Hrishi (1960). However, Kaul et al (1979) reported that the range of chromosome size in P. somniferum is 6.3 to 11.4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Study of Karyological Characteristics in Papaver bracteatum and Papaver somniferum

et al. 2014

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SummaryIn this study the variation of various karyotype characteristics in different populations of Papaver somniferum (opium poppy) and Papaver bracteatum (Iranian poppy) was evaluated. All populations were diploid, as the basic chromosome number of P. bracteatum and P. somniferum was 7 and 11, respectively. In P. bracteatum, the 14202, 16986 and P1007107 populations represented 2 metacentric and 5 submetacentric chromosomes, while the 23157 and P1006859 populations represented 1 metacentric, 5 submetacentric and 1 subtelocentric chromosomes. In P. somniferum the 13912 population had 2 metacentric, 5 submetacentric, 4 subtelocentric chromosomes, and the 13913 population comprised 2 metacentric, 7 submetacentric and 2 subtelocentric chromosomes, while the rest of the populations had 2 metacentric, 6 submetacentric and 3 subtelocentric chromosomes. All of the populations indicated 3A category, except for P1007107 whose category was 2A. In P. bracteatum the maximum and minimum chromosomal total length were 28.70 and 22.90 in the 23157 and 14202 populations, respectively, while in P. somniferum they were 32.97 and 29.05 in the 15093 and 13911 populations, respectively. Variance analysis indicated that there was no significant difference among the karyological traits in both species and thus, populations with different ecological origin were karyologically similar. The depicted scatter plot based on extracted components from the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that P. somniferum populations separated from P. bracteatum populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Study of Karyological Characteristics in Papaver bracteatum and Papaver somniferum

et al. 2014

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“…The absence of morphinane alkaloids in Italian and French populations of P. setigerum is difficult to explain on the basis of the homologies between somniferum and setigerum genomes. Hrishi (1960) showed that P. setigerum possesses three genomes (AABBCC) of which the genomes A, consisting of II chromosomes, is comparable to the genome of P. somniferum; these two genomes have been found to pair although they possess structurally different chromosomes. Malik et al (1979), however, showed that in comparison to the F, hybrids significantly very low frequency of multivalent associations occurs in the amphyploids derived from doubling the chromosome number of the Fl'…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cytogenetical evidence does not support, however, a direct origin of P. somniferum from P. setigerum. Hrishi (1960) showed that P. setigerum (2n = 44) is one of the allotetraploids of P. somniferum (2n = 22) and Malik et al (1979) demonstrated that considerable homologies existed between somniferum and setigerum genomes and that somniferum or an allied form was involved in the origin of setigerum or both the species had a common parent in their origin. Hammer and Fritsch (1977), however, found diploid strains ofP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MORPHOLOGY AND ALKALOID CHEMISTRY OF PAPAVER SETIGERUM DC. (PAPAVERACEAE)

Valva¹,

Sabato²,

Gigliano³

1985

TAXON

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Summary Papaver setigerum DC. populations from Mediterranean France and Campania, southern Italy, have been studied morphologically and phytochemically. Papaver setigerum, whose circumscription is reported to be substantially the same as P. somniferum L., revealed to be a species morphologically distinct from the latter. Morphine, codeine, and thebaine, the major alkaloids of P. somniferum, are lacking in capsules of P. setigerum. Their absence supports also at the chemotaxonomical level that P. setigerum is a distinct species from P. somniferum.

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“…The domestication syndrome of opium poppy encompasses the increase in the size of the capsule and seeds, as well as capsule indehiscence 6 . Previous studies attempted to distinguish wild from domestic opium poppy seeds based on the size, comparing archaeological seeds to modern species 17 – 22 . However, the size of the seed alone has not proven to be a good discriminating criterium 20 since it overlaps between the two species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A morphometric approach to track opium poppy domestication

Jesus

Bonhomme

Evin

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L. subsp. somniferum) was likely domesticated in the Western Mediterranean, where its putative wild ancestor is indigenous, and then spread to central and northern Europe. While opium poppy seeds are regularly identified in archaeobotanical studies, the absence of morphological criteria to distinguish the seeds of wild and domestic forms prevents the documentation of their respective historical and geographical occurrences and of the process of opium domestication as a whole. To fill this gap and better understand the status of this crop in the Neolithic, we combined seed outline analyses, namely elliptic Fourier transforms, with other morphometric descriptors to describe and identify Papaver setigerum, Papaver somniferum and other Papaver taxa. The combination of all measured parameters gives the most precise predictions for the identification of all seven taxa. We finally provide a case study on a Neolithic assemblage from a pile-dwelling site in Switzerland (Zurich-Parkhaus Opéra, ca. 3170 BC). Our results indicate the presence of mixed populations of domestic and wild seeds belonging to the P. somniferum group, suggesting that the plant was already in the process of domestication at the end of 4th millennium BC. Altogether, these results pave the way to understand the geography and history of the poppy domestication and its spread into Europe.

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Cytogenetical studies onPapaver somniferum L. andPapaver setigerum DC. and their hybrid

Cited by 19 publications

References 75 publications

Study of Karyological Characteristics in <i>Papaver bracteatum</i> and <i>Papaver somniferum</i>

Study of Karyological Characteristics in <i>Papaver bracteatum</i> and <i>Papaver somniferum</i>

MORPHOLOGY AND ALKALOID CHEMISTRY OF PAPAVER SETIGERUM DC. (PAPAVERACEAE)

A morphometric approach to track opium poppy domestication

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