Cytogenetical Investigations in Relation to the Mechanism of Evolution in Hexaploid Solanum nigrum L.

Tandon, S. K.; Rao, G. R.

doi:10.1038/2011348b0

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Contrasting with some reports, however, (e.g. Nisimura, 1939;Tandon & Rao, 1964, 1974Rao, Khan & Khan, 1971b), success was not dependent on the use of the higher ploidy level as the maternal parent.…”

Section: Ancestry Of Polyploid Speciescontrasting

confidence: 85%

Taxonomic studies on Solanum section Solanum (Maurella)

Edmonds

1977

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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Various taxonomic methods are being used to clarify the systematics of Solanum section Solanum, the large and variable species group centring around the black nightshade, S. nigrum. To put the experimental work into perspective, a summary of former taxonomic treatments is given, together with an outline of the provisional taxonomic framework of the section, initially established from earlier classical studies, and supplemented by later experimental work. Experimentation with living populations has shown that Solanum taxonomy is complicated by several factors. In addition to the historical factors, phenotypic plasticity, genetic variation, the existence of a polyploid series, and the possibilities of interspecific hybridization accompanied by various pre‐ and post‐zygotic isolating mechanisms are dealt with. The various taxonomic categories attached to Solanum accessions during earlier classical studies derive support from the crossability behaviour of the taxa concerned. Morphological divergence is generally accompanied by genetical isolation which can manifest itself at any time between pollination and the maturation of the F2 progeny. Data from the hybridization studies, in which 14 diploid species, five tetraploid species, four hexaploid species and one octoploid taxon were used, are presented in detail.

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Section: Ancestry Of Polyploid Speciescontrasting

confidence: 85%

Taxonomic studies on Solanum section Solanum (Maurella)

Edmonds

1977

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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“…It is hence becoming more clear that the tetraploid parent of S. nigrum is S. villosum and not S. retroflexum . Artificial hexaploids have been produced using S. villosum and S. americanum by several authors and the artificial hexaploids resemble S. nigrum morphologically (Tandon and Rao 1964; Venkateswarlu and Rao 1969, 1972; Soria and Heiser 1959; Edmonds 1979a). Reciprocal backcrossing of the artificial hexaploids with S. nigrum results in a high fruit set (Venkateswarlu and Rao 1969, 1972; Edmonds 1979a), supporting the hypothesis that S. villosum and S. americanum are the parent species of S. nigrum .…”

Section: Species Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the light of the current molecular evidence combined with the accumulating evidence from cytological and crossing studies, the alternative hypotheses on the origin of S. nigrum as an autohexaploid (Jørgensen 1928; Nakamura 1935, 1937) and an allopolyploid derived from three distinct genomes (e.g. Tandon and Rao 1964, 1966a; Henderson 1974; Edmonds 1979a) are becoming less likely.…”

Section: Species Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A revision of the Old World Black Nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)

Särkinen¹,

Poczai²,

Barboza³

et al. 2018

126

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The Morelloid clade, also known as the black nightshades or “Maurella” (Morella), is one of the 10 major clades within Solanum L. The pantropical clade consists of 75 currently recognised non-spiny herbaceous and suffrutescent species with simple or branched hairs with or without glandular tips, with a centre of distribution in the tropical Andes. A secondary centre of diversity is found in Africa, where a set of mainly polyploid taxa occur. A yet smaller set of species is found in Australasia and Europe, including Solanum nigrum L., the type of the genus Solanum. Due to the large number of published synonyms, combined with complex morphological variation, our understanding of species limits and diversity in the Morelloid clade has remained poor despite detailed morphological studies carried out in conjunction with breeding experiments. Here we provide the first taxonomic overview since the 19th century of the entire group in the Old World, including Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe and islands of the Pacific. Complete synonymy, morphological descriptions, distribution maps and common names and uses are provided for all 19 species occurring outside the Americas (i.e. Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe and islands of the Pacific). We treat 12 species native to the Old World, as well as 7 taxa that are putatively introduced and/or invasive in the region. The current knowledge of the origin of the polyploid species is summarised. A key to all of the species occurring in the Old World is provided, together with line drawings and colour figures to aid identification both in herbaria and in the field. Preliminary conservation assessments are provided for all species.

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“…Rao and Anil Kumar (1981) demonstrated close genetic relationship between S. villosum and S. retroflexum by producing fertile F1 hybrids between them with normal meiosis. Tandon andRao (1964, 1966) and Rao and Khan (1983) raised pentaploid hybrids by crossing S. nigrum (2n=72) with taxa conspecific with S. villosnm. They re corded 22/24 bivalents in pentaploids and the other chromosomes as univalents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%