Cytogenetic studies in some representatives of the subfamily Pooideae  (Poaceae) in South Africa. 1. The tribe Aveneae, subtribe Aveninae

Spies, J. J.; Spies, S. K.; Wyk, S. M. C. Van; Malan, A. F.; Liebenberg, E. J. L.

doi:10.4102/abc.v26i1.690

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This count agrees with earlier reports from outside of India (Spies & al., 1996;Diaz Lifante & al., 1992). Earlier, the species is also known to have 2n = 14 by Kozuharov & Petrova (1991) from outside of India.…”

Section: Version Of Recordsupporting

confidence: 94%

IAPT/IOPB chromosome data 25

Pankova

Zykova

2017

TAXON

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All materials CHN; vouchers are deposited in NS; collector E.Yu. Zykova. The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant 16-04-01246 A to E. Zykova). ASTERACEAE Anthemis tinctoria L., 2n = 18; Russia, Altay Republic, Z35a, Z37. 2n = 27; Russia, Altay Republic, Z35b. Arctium lappa L., 2n = 36; Russia, Altay Republic, Z38. Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh., 2n = 36; Russia, Altay Republic, Z41; Russia, Novosibirskaya Oblast, Z43. Senecio vulgaris L., 2n = 40; Russia, Altay Republic, Z56, Z90; Russia, Altaiskii Krai, Z55. Sonchus asper (L.) Hill, 2n = 18; Russia, Altay Republic, Z65a. 2n = 32; Russia, Altay Republic, Z65b, Z64. Sonchus oleraceus L., 2n = 18; Russia, Altay Republic, Z67. 2n = 32; Russia, Altay Republic, Z68, Z66, Z77. Tragopogon dubius Scop., 2n = 12; Russia, Novosibirskaya Oblasť, Z134. Tragopogon orientalis L., 2n = 12; Russia, Novosibirskaya Oblasť, Z70. BRASSICACEAE Brassica juncea (L.) Czern., 2n = 36; Russia, Altay Republic, Z15, Z16. EUPHORBIACEAE Euphorbia humifusa Willd., 2n = 22; Russia, Altay Republic, Z159. PLUMBAGINACEAE Plumbagella micrantha (Ledeb.) Spach, 2n = 12; Russia, Altay Republic, Z160. PORTULACACEAE Portulaca oleracea L., 2n = 54; Russia, Altaiskii Krai, Z152.

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Section: Version Of Recordsupporting

confidence: 94%

IAPT/IOPB chromosome data 25

Pankova

Zykova

2017

TAXON

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“…This taxon may have a hybrid origin. Ploidy levels of 2 n =14, 21 and 28 are recorded for R. cristata (Watson and Dallwitz 1992 onwards, Spies et al 1996b), consistent with a putative hybrid origin of at least some cytotypes. Several species of Rostraria have not yet been sampled in phylogenetic work, including R. balansae (Coss.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1)

Saarela¹,

Bull²,

Paradis³

et al. 2017

145

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Circumscriptions of and relationships among many genera and suprageneric taxa of the diverse grass tribe Poeae remain controversial. In an attempt to clarify these, we conducted phylogenetic analyses of >2400 new DNA sequences from two nuclear ribosomal regions (ITS, including internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 and the 5.8S gene, and the 3’-end of the external transcribed spacer (ETS)) and five plastid regions (matK, trnL–trnF, atpF–atpH, psbK–psbI, psbA–rps19–trnH), and of more than 1000 new and previously published ITS sequences, focused particularly on Poeae chloroplast group 1 and including broad and increased species sampling compared to previous studies. Deep branches in the combined plastid and combined ITS+ETS trees are generally well resolved, the trees are congruent in most aspects, branch support across the trees is stronger than in trees based on only ITS and fewer plastid regions, and there is evidence of conflict between data partitions in some taxa. In plastid trees, a strongly supported clade corresponds to Poeae chloroplast group 1 and includes Agrostidinae p.p., Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae s.str., Brizinae, Koeleriinae (sometimes included in Aveninae s.l.), Phalaridinae and Torreyochloinae. In the ITS+ETS tree, a supported clade includes these same tribes as well as Sesleriinae and Scolochloinae. Aveninae s.str. and Sesleriinae are sister taxa and form a clade with Koeleriinae in the ITS+ETS tree whereas Aveninae s.str. and Koeleriinae form a clade and Sesleriinae is part of Poeae chloroplast group 2 in the plastid tree. All species of Trisetum are part of Koeleriinae, but the genus is polyphyletic. Koeleriinae is divided into two major subclades: one comprises Avellinia, Gaudinia, Koeleria, Rostraria, Trisetaria and Trisetum subg. Trisetum, and the other Calamagrostis/Deyeuxia p.p. (multiple species from Mexico to South America), Peyritschia, Leptophyllochloa, Sphenopholis, Trisetopsis and Trisetum subg. Deschampsioidea. Graphephorum, Trisetum cernuum, T. irazuense and T. macbridei fall in different clades of Koeleriinae in plastid vs. nuclear ribosomal trees, and are likely of hybrid origin. ITS and matK trees identify a third lineage of Koeleriinae corresponding to Trisetum subsect. Sibirica, and affinities of Lagurus ovatus with respect to Aveninae s.str. and Koeleriinae are incongruent in nuclear ribosomal and plastid trees, supporting recognition of Lagurus in its own subtribe. A large clade comprises taxa of Agrostidinae, Brizinae and Calothecinae, but neither Agrostidinae nor Calothecinae are monophyletic as currently circumscribed and affinities of Brizinae differ in plastid and nuclear ribosomal trees. Within this clade, one newly identified lineage comprises Calamagrostis coarctata, Dichelachne, Echinopogon (Agrostidinae p.p.) and Relchela (Calothecinae p.p.), and another comprises Chascolytrum (Calothecinae p.p.) and Deyeuxia effusa (Agrostidinae p.p.). Within Agrostidinae p.p., the type species of Deyeuxia and Calamagrostis s.str. are closely related, supporting classification of Dey...

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“…Trisetopsis elongata, T. longifolia, T. longa and T. namaquensis have a haploid (gametophytic) chromosome number of n = 2x = 14. Trisetopsis imberbis has numbers of n = 2x = 14, n = 3x = 21 and n = 4x = 28 (Tateoka, 1965;Hoshino & Davidse, 1988;Morton, 1993;Spies, 1996). Judging from the sequencing results for ITS and Topo6, T. longa either is an autotetraploid species or the specimen we studied was diploid.…”

Section: Trisetopsis Namaquensis Clone 10mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Species from tropical and subtropical Africa have been treated mainly in the floristic literature and identification keys (e.g., Hubbard, 1936;Hutchinson & Dalziel, 1936;Schweickerdt, 1937;Clayton, 1970Clayton, , 1972Launert, 1971;Gibbs Russell, 1991;Cope, 2006Cope, , 2007Mashau & al., 2010), and comparatively few studies have been dealing in detail with morphological and chromosomal aspects (e.g., Tateoka, 1965;Hoshino & Davidse, 1988;Gibbs Russell, 1991;Morton, 1993;Spies & al., 1996;Mashau & al., 2010Mashau & al., , 2013. Chromosome numbers are known for just four species of the Cape region and for tropical African H. elongatum (Tateoka, 1965;Hoshino & Davidse, 1988;Morton, 1993;Spies, 1996). Using morphological data, Schweickerdt (1937) conducted a revision of the South African Helictotrichon species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyploid evolution, intercontinental biogeographical relationships and morphology of the recently described African oat genus Trisetopsis (Poaceae)

Wölk

Röser

2014

TAXON

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We examined the morphology and molecular phylogeny of several genera of the traditional grass tribe Aveneae, with focus on Helictotrichon and the recently described genus Trisetopsis from tropical and subtropical Africa. Altogether we surveyed 34 taxa for structural characters of the spikelets including lemmas, lodicules and ovaries. Sequences of the nuclear single–copy gene topoisomerase 6 (Topo6) spanning two introns, nuclear ribosomal ITS and the plastid matK–psbA region were generated for 81 taxa and analyzed by maximum parsimony and Bayesian methods. The phylogenetic results show African Trisetopsis in all molecular markers investigated clearly distinct from Helictotrichon, which in its new circumscription encompasses only Northern Hemisphere species. Morphological data support exclusion of the African species from Helictotrichon as a separate genus. The Topo6 sequences reveal a strong geographical pattern of variation which allows for comprehensive phylogeographic analyses. Two copy types of Topo6 are present in Trisetopsis (A and B). They are strongly different from that found in the Eurasian species of Helictotrichon. Copy type A probably descended from South African T. longa or T. rogerellisii, which appear to be the only African species with only type A. All other species of Trisetopsis contain both types A and B. Unexpectedly, type B is widespread in the New World (Calamagrostis, Graphephorum, Peyritschia, Sphenopholis) but, apart from the Trisetopsis allopolyploids, is absent from Africa. Trisetopsis imberbis is introduced as a new combination.

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Cytogenetic studies in some representatives of the subfamily Pooideae (Poaceae) in South Africa. 1. The tribe Aveneae, subtribe Aveninae

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

IAPT/IOPB chromosome data 25

IAPT/IOPB chromosome data 25

Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1)

Polyploid evolution, intercontinental biogeographical relationships and morphology of the recently described African oat genus Trisetopsis (Poaceae)

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