Cytogenetic effects in children treated with methylphenidate

El‐Zein, Randa; Abdel‐Rahman, Sherif Z.; Hay, Matthew; Lopez, Mirtha S.; Bondy, Melissa L.; Morris, Debra L.; Legator, Marvin S.

doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2005.01.003

Cited by 78 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Based on the assumption that micronuclei are expressed in dividing cells that either contain chromosome fragments and/or whole chromosomes that are unable to migrate to the spindle poles during mitosis, we were able to use the MN assay to assess Different letters indicate statistically significant difference at p < 0.05 (a×b), and at p < 0.01 (a×c and b×c) chromosome damage in children with different malignant tumours prior to any treatment, as well as during chemotherapy. To the best of our knowledge, the approach is fairly limited in the literature, most of studies having been carried out in children before or after completion of chemotherapy [22][23][24]. Overall, the increased MNC rates, dicentric chromosomes and other chromosomal damage have been reported in lymphocytes of cancer affecting children prior to the initiation of chemotherapy [12,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

DNA damage in lymphocytes and buccal mucosa cells of children with malignant tumours undergoing chemotherapy

et al. 2008

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate DNA damage (micronucleus) in cytokinesis-blocked lymphocytes and exfoliated buccal mucosa cells from children with malignant tumours and under chemotherapy. Micronucleated cells (MNCs) were assessed from children before and during chemotherapy. A total of 21 healthy children (controls), matched for gender and age, were used as control. The results pointed out higher frequencies of micronucleated lymphocytes in children with malignant tumour before any therapy when compared to healthy probands. Furthermore an increase of micronucleated lymphocytes during chemotherapy was detected when compared to the data obtained before chemotherapy. No statistically significant increases of MNCs were noticed in buccal mucosa cells at any of the timepoints evaluated. Taken together, these data indicate that the presence of malignant tumours may increase the frequency of DNA damage in circulating lymphocytes, these cells being more sensitive for detecting chromosome aberrations caused by anti-cancer drugs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

DNA damage in lymphocytes and buccal mucosa cells of children with malignant tumours undergoing chemotherapy

et al. 2008

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“…in case of stimulant medication in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) [46]. Preliminary studies have indicated that, for example, methylphenidate might lead to potentially carcinogen chromosome aberrations in children's lymphocytes [47] or to reductions in normal growth rates in children [46]. In addition, repeated use of stimulants like methylphenidate or amphetamine might lead to abuse of the drug and addiction in vulnerable people due to the fact that the amplified activity of dopamine increases saliency, making cognitive tasks and everyday activities seem more interesting and rewarding [48].…”

Section: Assessing the Harmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethically Justified, Clinically Applicable Criteria for Physician Decision-Making in Psychopharmacological Enhancement

Synofzik

2009

Neuroethics

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Advances in psychopharmacology raise the prospects of enhancing neurocognitive functions of humans by improving attention, memory, or mood. While general ethical reflections on psychopharmacological enhancement have been increasingly published in the last years, ethical criteria characterizing physicians' role in neurocognitive enhancement and guiding their decision-making still remain highly unclear. Here it will be argued that also in the medical domain the use of cognition-enhancing drugs is not intrinsically unethical and that, in fact, physicians should assume an important role in gating their usage. For finding normative orientation, concepts of disease, normality or medicine will not be helpful since-due to their cryptonormative nature-they rather hamper than allow targeted discussion and decision-making. As an alternative, the common and widely accepted bioethical criteria of beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy and distributive justice allow a clinically applicable, highly differentiated context-and case-sensitive approach. By embedding decision-making in a participative physicianpatient relationship extrinsic objections against neurocognitive enhancement (e.g. invalid perceptions about efficacy, benefit or risk; questionable voluntariness; restrained decision-making capacity) can be curtailed.

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“…In 2005, El-Zien et al [131] reported on the significant increase in chromosomal aberrations in 12 children tested before and again 3 months after taking therapeutic doses of MPH. There were 3-, 4.3-and 2.4-fold increases in the three peripheral lymphocyte cytogenic end points.…”

Section: Cytogeneticmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Doses of MPH ranged from 20 to 54 mg/day. All subjects showed an increase in all cryogenic end points measured compared to pretreatment measures [131].…”

Section: Cytogeneticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of stimulant treatment in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: part II

Merkel¹

2010

Expert Opinion on Drug Safety

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Cytogenetic effects in children treated with methylphenidate

Cited by 78 publications

References 19 publications

DNA damage in lymphocytes and buccal mucosa cells of children with malignant tumours undergoing chemotherapy

DNA damage in lymphocytes and buccal mucosa cells of children with malignant tumours undergoing chemotherapy

Ethically Justified, Clinically Applicable Criteria for Physician Decision-Making in Psychopharmacological Enhancement

Safety of stimulant treatment in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: part II

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