Cytogenetic Aspects of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Olson, Sharon; Magenis, R. Ellen

doi:10.1055/s-2007-1021354

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…1) which is in agreement with the observation that chromosomal aberrations are common in aborted material (4). A similar phenomenon of concurrent MI and allelic imbalance was described in tumour specimens from head and neck cancer (20).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Instability at Microsatellite Sequences in Spontaneously Aborted Human Embryos Provides Evidence for a Novel Mechanism for Recurrent Miscarriages

Kiaris¹,

Koumantakis²,

Ergazaki³

et al. 1995

Oncol Rep

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Abstract. Several factors have been proposed to confer a risk for abortion of the embryo. However, the aetiology of spontaneous abortions remains unclear. In the present study we investigated if an increased mutational rate occurs in the embryonic tissue and whether this phenomenon is associated with recurrent miscarriage. The mutational rate was assessed in 30 spontaneously aborted embryos using a bank of 8 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers, each one located on a different chromosome. The microsatellite sequences of DNA extracted from distal sites of each embryo were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and the electrophoretic patterns were compared. Shifts in the mobility of the microsatellites indicating instability were scored for 12 among 30 (40%) specimens, thus suggesting that microsatellite instability (MI) is a relatively common feature of spontaneously aborted embryonic tissues. Association was found between instability and the absence of normal childbirth: 11 among 18 cases without a normal childbirth exhibited evidence of MI while only one among 12 cases with normal childbirth was positive for MI. Our results suggest that instability at microsatellite sequences which indicate decreased fidelity in DNA replication and repair are associated with the recurrent abortion of the embryo, particularly in cases without a normal childbirth.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Instability at Microsatellite Sequences in Spontaneously Aborted Human Embryos Provides Evidence for a Novel Mechanism for Recurrent Miscarriages

Kiaris¹,

Koumantakis²,

Ergazaki³

et al. 1995

Oncol Rep

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“…A avaliação genética por cariótipo do casal com aborto recorrente está instituída como rotina na maioria dos serviços que os atendem. Há unanimidade, contudo, no índice de resultados anormais encontrados neste grupo que não ultrapassa 4% dos casais, quando considerados os resultados do marido ou da mulher 27 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Fatores Associados ao Aborto Espontâneo Recorrente

Barini¹,

Couto²,

Mota³

et al. 2000

Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet.

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Objetivo: identificar fatores mais freqüentemente associados ao aborto espontâneo recorrente. Casuística: no período de março de 1993 a março de 1997, 175 pacientes foram avaliadas no Ambulatório de Aborto Recorrente do CAISM/UNICAMP. Os critérios de seleção foram: história de três ou mais abortos espontâneos consecutivos em pacientes com idade inferior a 35 anos e/ou dois abortos e idade superior a 35 anos. Métodos: o protocolo de investigação incluiu: cariótipo; histerossalpingografia; dosagem seriada de progesterona e/ou biópsia de endométrio; pesquisa sorológica de infecções: toxoplasmose, listeriose, brucelose, sífilis e citomegalovírus e pesquisa para Mycoplasma hominis e Chlamydia trachomatis na secreção cérvico-uterina. A investigação também incluiu dosagem de hormônios tiroideanos e da glicemia de jejum; pesquisa de fator auto-imune por meio de painel de autoanticorpos; pesquisa de fator aloimune mediante anticorpos contra antígenos leucocitários humanos (anti-HLA), prova cruzada por microlinfocitotoxicidade e cultura mista unidirecional de linfócitos, em que se comparam as respostas maternas diante das células paternas e de um doador nãorelacionado para pesquisa de fator inibidor destas respostas no soro materno. O exame dos parceiros incluiu: exame físico geral e especial, sorologias para sífilis, doença de Chagas, hepatite B e C e síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS), além da prova cruzada por microlinfocitotoxicidade e da cultura mista de linfócitos. Resultados: o fator mais freqüentemente encontrado foi o aloimune (86,3% dos casos), representado por prova cruzada negativa e inibição na cultura mista de linfócitos inferior a 50%. O segundo fator mais freqüentemente encontrado foi a incompetência istmo-cervical (22,8%), seguido pelo fator hormonal (21,2%), representado principalmente pela insuficiência lútea. Algumas pacientes apresentavam mais de um fator concomitantemente. Conclusão: para uma investigação completa dos fatores associados ao aborto espontâneo recorrente faz-se necessária a inclusão do fator aloimune, sem a qual a maior parte dos casos não terá etiologia esclarecida.

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“…Several factors have been implicated: chromosomal and genomic alterations [1][2][3][4], anatomical defects of the uterus [5][6], endocrinological and immunological disorders [7][8][9], as well as bacteria and virus infections such as rubella and herpes viruses [10,11]. At present there are probably more than 100 different herpes viruses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Herpes simplex Virus (HSV) in Aborted Material Using the Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique

Sifakis

Koumantakis

Koffa

et al. 1998

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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Objective: To investigate the contribution of HSV to the aetiopathogenesis of spontaneous abortion. Design: A hospital-based, case-control study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Population and Methods: Abortion material from 102 cases of women with spontaneous abortion was analysed for the presence of HSV DNA applying the PCR technique. Serological assays were used for the detection of specific IgM and IgG antibodies in the maternal sera of 90 pregnant women with successful outcome of their pregnancy while 70 non-pregnant women at reproductive age were also examined as control. Results: The HSV genome was detected by PCR amplification in 3 cases of spontaneous abortion, 2 of them exhibited serological markers of virus reactivation while the 3rd showed a past infection. There were no obvious clinical manifestations indicating a current herpes infection. Both groups of pregnant women, either with spontaneous abortion or with a successful outcome of pregnancy, displayed serological markers of HSV reactivation at higher rates compared with non-pregnant women (χ², p < 0.05). Conclusions: Using the PCR technique we were able to detect the HSV genome in gestational tissues of spontaneous abortions, even in cases without any clinical symptoms or seropositivity for a primary infection. Serological assays were not very useful for the elucidation of the role of HSV in inducing spontaneous abortions, although they indicate that the state of pregnancy predisposes to HSV reactivation. However, the detection of HSV in 3 out of a total number of 102 cases does not support HSV infection as a major abortion-related factor.

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Cytogenetic Aspects of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Cited by 7 publications

References 59 publications

Instability at Microsatellite Sequences in Spontaneously Aborted Human Embryos Provides Evidence for a Novel Mechanism for Recurrent Miscarriages

Instability at Microsatellite Sequences in Spontaneously Aborted Human Embryos Provides Evidence for a Novel Mechanism for Recurrent Miscarriages

Fatores Associados ao Aborto Espontâneo Recorrente

Detection of Herpes simplex Virus (HSV) in Aborted Material Using the Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique

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